ATI LPN
Renal System Questions Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is found in the renal medulla?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The loop of Henle (D) extends into the renal medulla, aiding concentration. Pacemaker cells (A) are cardiac, islets (B) are pancreatic, and DCT (C) is cortical, making D the medullary structure.
Question 2 of 5
A 26-year-old patient with a history of polycystic kidney disease is admitted to the surgical unit after having knee surgery. Which of the routine postoperative orders is most important for the nurse to discuss with the health care provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ketorolac (C), an NSAID, risks nephrotoxicity in polycystic kidney disease, necessitating discussion. Fluids (A), diet (B), and labs (D) are standard, but avoiding renal harm is key, making C the order to clarify.
Question 3 of 5
Which information from a patient's urinalysis requires that the nurse notify the health care provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The increased number of white blood cells (WBCs) indicates the presence of urinary tract infection or inflammation. The other findings are normal.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who is admitted with pneumonia. The nurse notes a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 32 mg/dL and creatinine of 0.8 mg/dL. What is the most probable explanation for this finding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevated BUN (32 mg/dL) with normal creatinine (0.8 mg/dL) suggests dehydration (C), concentrating blood urea. Kidney damage (A) would raise creatinine, septicemia (B) isn't indicated, and malnutrition (D) lowers BUN, making C the likely cause.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the history and physical of a patient who has an infection. What term would the nurse understand describes an infection of the kidneys?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pyelonephritis is infection of the renal pelvis tubules and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys.