Which of the following is characterized by normal

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Which of the following is characterized by normal calcium phosphorous and phosphatase studies:

A. cirrhosis of the liver B. metastatic bone disease C. osteomalacia D. osteoporosis

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Osteoporosis features normal calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase, unlike the others which alter these parameters.

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is manifested clinically by all but one of the following:

A. mass in the neck B. association with pernicious anemia C. normal thyroid function tests D. acutely inflamed thyroid gland

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Hashimoto's is a chronic autoimmune condition, not acutely inflamed, unlike subacute thyroiditis.

Hyper mobility of the joints is a feature of:

A. ehlers-danlos syndrome B. Marfan's syndrome C. osteogenesis imperfecta D. mongolism

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is characterized by joint hypermobility due to collagen defects.

Present opinion is that solitary thyroid nodules that do not take up iodine are:

A. always causes of hyperthyroidism B. malignant C. toxic D. potentially malignant & should be removed

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Cold (nonfunctional) thyroid nodules have a higher malignancy risk and often warrant surgical removal.

Increased catecholamines in the urine are diagnostic of:

A. Cushing's syndrome B. carcinoid syndrome C. pheochromocytoma D. amyloidosis

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Elevated urinary catecholamines are specific for pheochromocytoma, a catecholamine-secreting tumor.

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