ATI LPN
14 Nutrition and Fluid Balance Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is an example of water conservation by the body?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Decreased urine volume, via ADH, conserves water.
Question 2 of 5
Mr. I.M.A. Wreck's plasma pH is 7.2. Which of the following indicates that the body is attempting to compensate and return the body pH to normal?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased respiration blows off CO₂ reducing H⁺ to correct acidosis.
Question 3 of 5
A falling blood pH and a rising concentration of carbon dioxide due to emphysema, indicate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Emphysema impairs CO₂ excretion, causing respiratory acidosis.
Question 4 of 5
Bob Trotts has an enteropathogenic E. coli infection resulting in severe diarrhea for 2 days. This could produce which of the following: 1. acidosis, 2. alkalosis, 3. increased respiration, 4. decreased respiration, 5. increased ADH secretion, 6. increased renin secretion, 7. increased urine concentration
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diarrhea causes acidosis (HCO₃⁻ loss), increases respiration (compensation), ADH/renin (volume loss), and urine concentration.
Question 5 of 5
prolonged diarrhea resulting in excessive loss of bicarbonate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bicarbonate loss in diarrhea leads to metabolic acidosis.