Which of the following is an epidemiologic function of the nurse during an epidemic?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because participating in the investigation to determine the source of the epidemic is a key epidemiologic function of the nurse during an epidemic. This involves identifying the origin of the outbreak to implement targeted control measures and prevent further spread. A is incorrect because while conducting assessments is important, it is not a specific epidemiologic function related to determining the source of an epidemic. B is incorrect as monitoring cases focuses on individual care rather than epidemiologic investigation. D is incorrect as educating the community, while important, is not directly related to determining the source of the epidemic.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because washing hands before and after providing care to family members helps prevent the spread of germs and maintains cleanliness. Before care, clean hands reduce the risk of introducing contaminants into the bag. After care, washing hands prevents spreading any germs picked up during the visit. Choice B is incorrect as using items solely from the bag does not address hand hygiene. Choice C focuses on uniform protection, not bag cleanliness. Choice D is about the lining and doesn't address hand hygiene.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Home visit. This type of family-nurse contact offers the best opportunity to observe family dynamics as it allows the nurse to witness interactions, relationships, and environment firsthand. During a home visit, the nurse can observe family members' roles, communication patterns, living conditions, and support systems, providing valuable insights into their dynamics. A: Clinic consultation limits observation to a brief encounter in a controlled setting. B: Group conferences involve multiple families, making it challenging to focus on individual family dynamics. D: Written communication lacks the depth and richness of in-person interactions needed to observe family dynamics accurately.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Tertiary prevention occurs during the Terminal stage of the natural history of disease. This stage involves managing the disease to prevent complications and improve the quality of life. Tertiary prevention focuses on rehabilitation, palliative care, and support to prevent further deterioration. In contrast, Pre-pathogenesis is before the disease develops, Pathogenesis is the development and progression of the disease, and Predromal is the early signs and symptoms before the disease fully manifests. These stages are not where tertiary prevention interventions are typically implemented.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because person-to-person propagated epidemics typically exhibit a gradual build-up of cases before becoming easily noticeable. This is due to the slow transmission of the disease from one individual to another. In contrast, choice A is incorrect because having more cases than expected is not a characteristic unique to person-to-person propagation. Choice B is incorrect as person-to-person transmission does not necessarily involve a vector. Choice C is incorrect because common vehicle spread refers to a different mode of disease transmission.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Community diagnosis. This process involves assessing the health needs and concerns of a specific population to develop targeted interventions. Community organizing (A) focuses on mobilizing community members for advocacy. The nursing process (B) is a framework for individualized care. Epidemiologic process (D) is about studying disease patterns in populations. Community diagnosis is essential for population-focused nursing as it helps identify priority health issues and develop evidence-based interventions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Health deficit. Mental retardation in the youngest child of the Delos Reyes family represents a health deficit as it indicates a lack or impairment in the child's cognitive abilities and overall health status. The typology of family nursing problems categorizes issues that require nursing interventions, and a health deficit aligns with the child's developmental delay. A health threat (choice A) typically refers to potential risks to health, which is not the case here as the diagnosis has already been made. Foreseeable crisis (choice C) involves situations that may lead to a crisis but are not yet imminent, which does not apply in this scenario. Stress point (choice D) involves a specific event or situation causing stress, which is not the primary concern in this case.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Environment manager. By utilizing ergonomic principles, the occupational health nurse is focusing on designing and managing the work environment to optimize safety and efficiency. This includes adjusting equipment, layout, and processes to prevent injuries and promote well-being. A health care provider (A) focuses on diagnosing and treating health conditions, not environment management. Health educator (B) involves providing information and guidance on health-related topics, not specifically environment management. Health care coordinator (C) involves coordinating care among different healthcare providers, which is not directly related to the application of ergonomic principles in the work environment.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: To empower the people and promote their self-reliance. This is the primary goal of devolution under RA 7160. Devolution aims to transfer power and resources to local government units, enabling them to be more responsive to the needs of their constituents. By empowering the people and promoting self-reliance, communities can actively participate in decision-making, leading to more effective and sustainable development. Choice A (To strengthen local government units) is not the primary goal, although it may be an outcome of devolution. Choice B (To allow greater autonomy to local government units) is related to the goal but not as comprehensive as promoting self-reliance. Choice D (To make basic services more accessible to the people) is a potential benefit of devolution but not the primary goal, which is focused on empowering the people and promoting self-reliance.