ATI LPN
Immune System Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is an acetylated salicylate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Aspirin. Aspirin is an acetylated salicylate because it contains acetylsalicylic acid, which is a derivative of salicylic acid. The acetylation of salicylic acid forms aspirin, making it an acetylated salicylate. Choline trilisalicylate (A) is a salt form of salicylic acid, not acetylated. Salsalate (B) is an ester of salicylic acid, not acetylated. Sodium salicylate (C) is the sodium salt of salicylic acid, not acetylated. Thus, aspirin (D) is the only option that fits the description of an acetylated salicylate.
Question 2 of 5
Which medication is a uricosuric agent?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Probenecid. Probenecid is a uricosuric agent that works by increasing the excretion of uric acid in the urine, thereby reducing its levels in the blood. This helps in the treatment of gout and hyperuricemia. Allopurinol (B) and Febuxostat (C) are xanthine oxidase inhibitors that work by reducing the production of uric acid. Colchicine (D) is used to relieve gout flares by reducing inflammation and pain, but it is not a uricosuric agent.
Question 3 of 5
Which medication is used to reduce inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hydroxychloroquine. It is used to reduce inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting the immune response. Hydroxychloroquine is a disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) that helps control symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. Methotrexate (B) and Leflunomide (C) are also DMARDs used in RA treatment, but they have different mechanisms of action. Adalimumab (D) is a biologic drug that targets specific proteins in the immune system and is used for more severe cases of RA.
Question 4 of 5
A client is being administered the first dose of belimumab for a systemic lupus erythematosus flare. What actions by the nurse are most appropriate? (Select one that does not apply)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Inform the client not to drive or sign legal papers for 24 hours. This is because belimumab can cause dizziness or drowsiness as a side effect, which may impair the client's ability to drive or make important decisions. A: Observing the client for at least 2 hours afterward is important for monitoring immediate reactions to the medication. B: Instructing the client about the monthly infusion schedule is important for treatment adherence but not directly related to the first dose administration. D: Ensuring emergency equipment is working and nearby is important for safety but not specific to the first dose administration.
Question 5 of 5
A patient being seen in an outpatient clinic has had a complete blood count done. The results indicate increased eosinophil count. This finding is highly suggestive of a/an:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Parasitic infestation. Eosinophils are white blood cells that are typically elevated in response to parasitic infections. Parasites trigger an immune response that involves an increase in eosinophils to help combat the infection. Bacterial infections (choice B) usually lead to an increase in neutrophils, while viral infections (choice C) typically result in an increase in lymphocytes. Fungal reactions (choice D) can cause an increase in eosinophils, but parasitic infestations are more commonly associated with this finding. In this case, the increased eosinophil count is highly suggestive of a parasitic infestation based on the patient's clinical presentation and laboratory results.