Which of the following is a respiratory response to acidosis?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Increased respiration removes CO2, raising pH in acidosis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Crohn's disease is characterized by transmural inflammation often leading to fistulas, with skip lesions rather than continuous involvement.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The d-xylose test assesses small bowel absorption, not pancreatic function, unlike the other tests which evaluate pancreatic enzyme output or damage.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: All listed conditions "insulinoma, alcohol-induced glycogen depletion, postprandial hyperinsulinism, and paraneoplastic effects "can cause hypoglycemia.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Adrenal insufficiency (e.g., Addison's) causes hyponatremia and hyperkalemia from aldosterone deficiency.