ATI LPN
NCLEX Questions Gastrointestinal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is a long-term complication of chronic PUD?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gastric outlet obstruction. Chronic PUD can lead to scarring and inflammation in the stomach lining, causing narrowing or blockage of the pyloric valve, leading to gastric outlet obstruction. This complication can manifest as persistent nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. The other choices, B, C, and D, are not typically associated with chronic PUD. Gallbladder disease is more commonly linked to gallstones, chronic kidney disease to conditions affecting the kidneys, and pulmonary embolism to blood clots in the lungs.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with PUD asks the nurse why it's important to avoid NSAIDs. The nurse's best response is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, reducing blood flow to the stomach lining, which can lead to ulcer formation. This is important for a patient with PUD as it can exacerbate their condition. Choice A is incorrect as NSAIDs do not cause fluid retention in PUD. Choice C is incorrect as NSAIDs actually decrease mucus production, making the stomach lining more vulnerable. Choice D is incorrect as NSAIDs are more likely to cause gastrointestinal issues like ulcers rather than constipation.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a history of PUD is admitted with symptoms of shock after experiencing hematemesis. What is the most important nursing intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administering blood products as prescribed. In a patient with shock due to hematemesis from a history of PUD, the priority is to address the acute blood loss to stabilize the patient's condition. Administering blood products helps restore blood volume and oxygen-carrying capacity, which are crucial in shock management. Monitoring urine output (B) is important but secondary to addressing the acute blood loss. Assessing pain level (C) is important but not the priority in a patient in shock. Preparing for emergency surgery (D) may be needed but is not the immediate priority in this situation.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with a history of PUD and a positive H. pylori test is prescribed a combination of antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor. The patient asks why so many medications are needed. The nurse should explain:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B - The medications work together to reduce acid and eliminate the infection. Rationale: 1. Antibiotics target and eliminate H. pylori infection, a leading cause of PUD. 2. Proton pump inhibitors reduce gastric acid production, aiding in ulcer healing. 3. Combining antibiotics and PPIs effectively treats both infection and acid production. 4. This comprehensive approach helps resolve the underlying causes of PUD efficiently. Incorrect Choices: A: Each medication targets a different cause of your ulcer. - Not accurate as antibiotics and PPIs target infection and acid production. C: One medication reduces acid, and the others help your stomach heal. - Oversimplifies the treatment process. D: The combination ensures that your symptoms will be controlled quickly. - Focuses on symptom management rather than addressing the root causes.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following statements indicates that a client with chronic gastritis understands the dietary modifications needed to manage their condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because avoiding spicy foods and caffeinated beverages helps reduce irritation to the stomach lining in chronic gastritis. Spicy foods can exacerbate inflammation, while caffeine can increase stomach acid production. These dietary modifications are essential for managing symptoms. Option B is incorrect because alcohol can irritate the stomach lining and worsen gastritis. Option C is incorrect as increasing dairy intake may not be necessary and could potentially aggravate symptoms in some individuals. Option D is incorrect as eating small, frequent meals is actually recommended for managing chronic gastritis to prevent excessive stomach acid production.