Which of the following is a common side effect of antacids in the management of PUD?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Constipation. Antacids containing aluminum or calcium can cause constipation due to their ability to slow down digestion. This is a common side effect observed in patients using antacids for peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Rationale: 1. Aluminum and calcium-based antacids can reduce bowel motility, leading to constipation. 2. Diarrhea is not a common side effect of antacids in the management of PUD. 3. Weight gain is not a direct side effect of antacids but may occur indirectly due to overeating to alleviate symptoms. 4. Dizziness is not a typical side effect of antacids in the management of PUD.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D (Both B and C). NSAIDs and aspirin are known to irritate the stomach lining and increase the risk of developing peptic ulcers. Acetaminophen, on the other hand, does not have the same effect on the stomach lining and is considered safer for patients with PUD. Therefore, advising a patient with PUD to avoid NSAIDs and aspirin is crucial to prevent exacerbation of the condition. Additionally, selecting option D is appropriate as it covers both medications that should be avoided, providing a comprehensive approach to managing PUD.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Perforated ulcer. The sudden, sharp, and persistent pain in the upper abdomen that worsens with movement is indicative of a perforated ulcer, where the stomach acid has eaten through the ulcer and leaked into the abdominal cavity. This can lead to severe pain and tenderness. Gastritis (choice A) typically presents with dull, aching pain. Intestinal obstruction (choice B) usually causes cramping abdominal pain with distension and vomiting. Pancreatitis (choice D) presents with severe, steady pain in the upper abdomen that may radiate to the back. Therefore, based on the sudden onset of sharp pain that worsens with movement in a patient with a history of PUD, the nurse should suspect a perforated ulcer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, a CT scan of the abdomen. This diagnostic test would be ordered first because it can quickly visualize the abdominal organs and help identify any potential perforations or complications associated with PUD. A CT scan is non-invasive and provides detailed images to assist in making an accurate diagnosis promptly. A: Abdominal ultrasound may not provide as detailed information as a CT scan and may not be as effective in detecting certain complications related to PUD. C: Upper GI endoscopy is more invasive and may not be the initial choice for a patient with severe abdominal pain unless there is a clear indication. D: Barium swallow is not typically used as a first-line diagnostic test for acute abdominal pain in a patient with a history of PUD.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Eradicate H. pylori and reduce acid secretion. This combination therapy is commonly used to treat peptic ulcer disease caused by H. pylori infection. Amoxicillin and clarithromycin target and eradicate the H. pylori bacteria, while the PPI helps reduce acid secretion to promote ulcer healing. Choice A is incorrect because the regimen is focused on treating existing ulcers rather than preventing new ones. Choice B is incorrect because the primary goal of the therapy is not just pain relief but rather treating the underlying cause of the ulcers. Choice D is incorrect because the therapy does not directly promote healing by increasing mucus production but rather by targeting H. pylori and reducing acid secretion.