Which of the following is a benefit of exclusive breastfeeding?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Exclusive breastfeeding provides complete nutrition for the first 6 months of a baby's life as breast milk contains all necessary nutrients. This is crucial for infant growth and development. It is recommended by health organizations worldwide. Other choices are incorrect: A is not directly related to breastfeeding, B is false as breastfeeding actually helps reduce allergies, and D is not a primary benefit of exclusive breastfeeding.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Secondary prevention aims to detect and treat a disease in its early stages to prevent complications. Screening for hypertension (Choice C) is an example as it involves identifying individuals at risk of developing high blood pressure-related issues. Vaccination (Choice A) is a form of primary prevention. Health education (Choice B) is more focused on promoting healthy behaviors. Rehabilitation therapy (Choice D) is part of tertiary prevention, aimed at improving function after a disease has occurred.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Encouraging skin-to-skin contact after birth. This practice is part of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) as it promotes bonding, initiates breastfeeding, and helps regulate the baby's temperature and breathing. Skin-to-skin contact also supports the establishment of breastfeeding and enhances maternal-infant attachment. Incorrect Choices: A: Promoting the use of infant formula - This goes against the BFHI, which promotes exclusive breastfeeding. C: Separating mother and baby after delivery - BFHI encourages keeping mother and baby together to promote bonding and breastfeeding. D: Scheduling feedings at fixed intervals - BFHI promotes feeding on demand to support breastfeeding and responsive feeding practices.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Iron. Iron is essential for preventing anemia in pregnant women because it is a key component of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen to tissues and organs. During pregnancy, the demand for iron increases to support the growing fetus and the mother's increased blood volume. Without adequate iron intake, pregnant women are at a higher risk of developing iron-deficiency anemia, which can lead to complications for both the mother and the baby. Other choices are incorrect because: A: Vitamin C is important for iron absorption but does not directly prevent anemia. B: Vitamin D is important for bone health but does not prevent anemia. D: Calcium is important for bone health but does not prevent anemia in pregnant women.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The purpose of a community needs assessment is to identify and prioritize the health needs of a community as a whole, not individual health conditions. This process helps in understanding the specific issues affecting the community and guides the development of effective intervention strategies. Evaluating treatment plans or providing emergency medical services is not the primary goal of a needs assessment. Therefore, option B is correct as it aligns with the main objective of assessing community health needs.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because a community health nurse focuses on promoting health and preventing disease within the community through education, advocacy, and preventive care. This role involves working with individuals, families, and communities to improve overall health outcomes. A: Providing acute care in hospitals is incorrect as this is typically the role of hospital nurses, not community health nurses. B: Conducting surgeries is incorrect as this is a task performed by surgeons or operating room nurses, not community health nurses. D: Diagnosing and treating medical conditions is incorrect as this falls under the responsibility of healthcare providers such as physicians or nurse practitioners, not community health nurses.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Exclusive breastfeeding provides complete nutrition for the first 6 months of a baby's life as breast milk contains all necessary nutrients. This is crucial for infant growth and development. It is recommended by health organizations worldwide. Other choices are incorrect: A is not directly related to breastfeeding, B is false as breastfeeding actually helps reduce allergies, and D is not a primary benefit of exclusive breastfeeding.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct action is to delay the immunization until the fever subsides. This is because administering a vaccine during a fever may affect the body's immune response and efficacy of the vaccine. Giving a lower dose (choice C) may not provide adequate protection. Administering an antipyretic (choice D) may temporarily reduce fever but does not address the underlying illness causing the fever. Administering the vaccine as scheduled (choice A) can be harmful and is not recommended when the child has a fever.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To gather data on health status and needs. The primary purpose of conducting a health survey in a community is to systematically collect information on the health of the population, identify health issues, assess needs, and guide healthcare planning. This data helps in developing effective public health interventions and policies. Choice A (To provide medical treatment to individuals) is incorrect because health surveys focus on population-level data collection, not individual treatment. Choice C (To distribute health education materials) is incorrect as the primary purpose of a health survey is data collection, not distribution of materials. Choice D (To perform laboratory tests) is incorrect because health surveys typically involve collecting information through questionnaires and interviews, rather than conducting laboratory tests.