Which of the following interventions will help lessen the effect of GERD (acid reflux)?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Elevating the bed head uses gravity to reduce acid reflux.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Mottling is discoloration from lost circulation (A), per dying process patchy, often lower limbs, pre-death. Purplish post-death (B) is livor mortis, bluish fingertips (C) cyanosis not mottling's full scope. A best describes its circulatory basis, distinct from post-mortem changes, making it correct.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A board-like abdomen suggests peritonitis, a complication of diverticulitis from perforation pain and fever are typical, distention less specific. Nurses report this rigidity, indicating urgent surgical need, preventing sepsis in this gastrointestinal crisis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Aricept (donepezil) increases brain acetylcholine by inhibiting cholinesterase, enhancing cognition in Alzheimer's disease a primary mechanism for symptom management, not cure. It doesn't prevent progression, reverse memory loss, or target depression directly. Nurses explain this action, setting realistic expectations, aiding families in understanding its role in slowing cognitive decline temporarily.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Temp returning to normal post-fever is homeostasis (A) restoring balance, per physiology. Crisis (B) is disruption, illness (C) disease, risk factor (D) predisposition not regulation. A fits equilibrium, making it correct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Increasing oxygen-carrying capacity (A) is the primary indication for oxygen therapy in anemia, compensating for reduced hemoglobin by boosting dissolved oxygen in plasma. Reducing iron deficiency (B) or enhancing erythropoiesis (D) requires other treatments. Tissue healing (C) is a byproduct. This approach mitigates hypoxia symptoms, per hematology care, vital until anemia is corrected.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Health promotion and illness prevention are nursing cornerstones because chronic illnesses like heart disease or diabetes are the world's leading health problems, per WHO, driving morbidity and mortality. Nurses tackle this by fostering wellness e.g., teaching diet to prevent hypertension reducing chronicity's burden. Cost, pain, and aversion to sickness matter, but their root lies in chronic prevalence, making prevention paramount. Nurses' proactive role immunizations, lifestyle counseling curbs these conditions' onset or progression, even in diagnosed clients, enhancing life quality. This responsibility reflects nursing's global impact, addressing a pervasive challenge with education and advocacy, not just reaction, aligning with public health goals to shift focus from cure to prevention.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Subjective data are the client's perceptions about their health like reporting pain or fatigue captured through interviews or questionnaires. These reflect personal experiences, not measurable by others, distinguishing them from objective data (e.g., temperature). Physician history forms provide mixed data, often objective (e.g., lab results), not purely subjective unless quoting the client. Observations by the collector like rash appearance are objective, directly seen or measured. Ancillary reports (e.g., radiology) are objective, based on tests, not perceptions. Subjective data's focus on the client's voice e.g., 'I feel anxious' is vital for holistic assessment, guiding nurses to explore symptoms' impact, making it the correct definition here.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Total patient care thrives with many nurses and few patients, allowing one nurse to fully manage each client's needs e.g., dressing changes, meds, and education. This contrasts with functional nursing (task-based), team nursing (group effort), or primary nursing (continuity-focused), offering intensive, individualized attention when staffing is ample, optimizing resource use and patient outcomes.