ATI LPN
Respiratory System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following DOES NOT shift the Oâ‚‚ dissociation curve to the right?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: increased carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) shifts the curve left, not right, by enhancing Hb-Oâ‚‚ affinity (CO binds 240x stronger). Choice A (temperature), B (PCOâ‚‚), and C (Hâº) shift it right via the Bohr effect, aiding Oâ‚‚ unloading (Pâ‚…â‚€ up, e.g., 26 to 30 mmHg). Choice D (DPG) also shifts right. COHb reduces available Hb, left-shifting the curve for remaining Oâ‚‚, impairing tissue delivery (e.g., in poisoning), opposite to exercise adaptations. E's distinct effect makes it the exception.
Question 2 of 5
The caregiver of an older client with flu reports to a geriatric nurse that the client has shallow respirations. What advice can the geriatric nurse give the caretaker to improve the client's ease of breathing? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shallow respirations in an older client with flu suggest difficulty oxygenating effectively, often due to mucus buildup or fatigue. Elevating the head of the bed helps by using gravity to open the airways, reducing pressure on the diaphragm and improving lung expansion, which is especially beneficial for older adults with weakened respiratory muscles. A humidifier adds moisture to the air, loosening mucus and easing breathing, which is critical when flu causes thick secretions. Antipyretics reduce fever but don't directly address shallow breathing, though fever management supports overall comfort. Analgesics might relieve pain but not respiratory effort. A face mask could worsen breathing by restricting airflow unless oxygen is medically indicated. The nurse's advice focuses on non-invasive, practical measures to enhance airflow and comfort, tailored to the client's age and flu-related respiratory challenges, ensuring better oxygenation and reduced strain.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is speaking with a client who recently completed chemotherapy and radiation for breast cancer diagnosed 11 months prior. The woman asks about the wisdom of getting an influenza vaccine so soon after completing treatment. What statements by the nurse are accurate responses to the client's question? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For a client post-chemotherapy and radiation, the nurse advises that those with weakened immune systems, like her, are more susceptible to infections and severe flu outcomes, making vaccination wise with the inactivated shot, not the live nasal spray. Chemotherapy suppresses immunity, increasing flu risk even months later, and the inactivated vaccine safely boosts protection without infection risk. Saying the vaccine causes flu is false it's inactivated, not live, in the shot form recommended here. Influenza is indeed modifiable vaccination lowers risk, a key point for this vulnerable client. The nasal spray's live virus is contraindicated post-chemo due to immune compromise, but the shot is safe and effective. The nurse's accurate advice emphasizes vaccination's protective role, tailored to her condition, preventing severe illness in someone still recovering immunity, aligning with CDC guidelines for immunocompromised individuals.
Question 4 of 5
The healthcare provider understands that further teaching on the Influenza vaccine is needed when the patient states:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Further teaching is needed if the patient thinks the vaccine isn't recommended for older adults, as this is false seniors over 65 are a priority group due to high flu complication risks, per CDC guidelines. Effectiveness varying by individual (e.g., age, immunity) and strain match is true, reflecting real-world vaccine dynamics. A 60% incidence reduction is plausible when matched well, showing understanding. Not protecting against other viruses (e.g., colds) is accurate flu vaccines target influenza only. The misconception about older adults signals a gap; the provider must clarify that seniors need it most, often with high-dose versions, to prevent severe outcomes like pneumonia, ensuring the patient's knowledge aligns with evidence-based practice for their demographic.
Question 5 of 5
A 67-year-old client is seen in the health clinic for influenza. The nurse knows that influenza markedly increases the client's risk of developing which condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Influenza in a 67-year-old raises the risk of sinusitis and otitis media, as viral irritation of the respiratory tract leads to sinus inflammation or eustachian tube blockage, fostering bacterial superinfections. Age-related immune decline heightens this in seniors. Arthritis and Cushing's syndrome aren't flu-linked joint or hormonal issues don't follow. Aortic valve prolapse is structural, not infectious. Gastritis and goiter affect digestion and thyroid, not respiratory sequelae. The nurse flags sinusitis and otitis media as common, treatable complications, per clinical patterns, urging vigilance for symptoms like sinus pain or earache to prevent escalation in this vulnerable client.