Which of the following diseases is prevented by administration of the Hepatitis B vaccine?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Liver cancer. The Hepatitis B vaccine prevents Hepatitis B infection, which is a major cause of chronic liver disease and can lead to liver cancer. Jaundice (choice A) is a symptom of Hepatitis B infection, not a disease prevented by the vaccine. Pneumonia (choice C) and Tuberculosis (choice D) are both respiratory infections and are not prevented by the Hepatitis B vaccine. The key is to understand the specific disease targeted by the vaccine and its related health outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Target/client list is most useful as it provides a comprehensive list of clients in long-term regimens. Step 2: It allows for easy monitoring of individual progress and adherence to treatment plans. Step 3: Tally report (A) only provides a count, lacking specific client information. Step 4: Output report (B) may not include all necessary client details. Step 5: Individual health record (D) is specific to one client, not ideal for overall monitoring.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The neonatal mortality rate is calculated as the number of neonatal deaths (deaths within the first 28 days of life) divided by the number of live births in a given period, multiplied by 1000. In this case, the number of neonatal deaths is 2 (babies who died less than 4 weeks after birth), and the number of live births is 46 (babies born excluding stillbirths). Therefore, the calculation is (2/46) * 1000 = 43.5/1000. This rate represents the number of neonatal deaths per 1000 live births in Barangay A for that year. Choice B is correct as it accurately represents the neonatal mortality rate based on the information provided. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the calculation using the specific data given.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Primigravida refers to a woman pregnant for the first time. 2. Colostrum is the first milk produced after childbirth, rich in antibodies and nutrients. 3. Offering the breast within 30 minutes ensures the baby receives this vital colostrum. 4. Colostrum provides immune protection and establishes the baby's gut microbiome. 5. Options A and B relate to mature milk production, not colostrum. 6. Option D focuses on practice, not the immediate benefits of colostrum.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: PD 651. This law is the Civil Registry Law, which mandates the registration of births within 30 days. PD 651 was enacted specifically to ensure the timely and accurate recording of vital events. Act 3573 pertains to the reporting of communicable diseases, not birth registration. RA 3753 focuses on the use of an alias or pseudonym, not birth registration. RA 3375 involves the registration of firearms, not births. Overall, PD 651 is the most relevant law in requiring the registration of births within 30 days, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: OPV. The oral polio vaccine (OPV) used in the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is stored in the freezer to maintain its potency. OPV is a live vaccine that requires cold storage to prevent the virus from becoming inactive. DPT, Hepatitis B vaccine, and Measles vaccine are typically stored in the refrigerator, not the freezer, as they are either killed or attenuated vaccines that remain stable at higher temperatures. Therefore, the need for freezer storage specifically points to OPV as the correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: De facto. This method assigns individuals to a specific location based on where they are physically located during the census. "De facto" means "in fact" or "in reality." This ensures accurate representation of the population in a specific area at the time of the census. A: De jure refers to assignment based on legal residence, not necessarily physical location. B: De locus is not a standard term in census methodology. D: De novo means "from the beginning" and is not relevant to population assignment in a census.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B (4 weeks) for the minimum interval between two doses of the MMR vaccine. This interval is necessary for the body to develop a strong immune response to the vaccine components. Waiting at least 4 weeks allows the immune system to properly process and respond to the initial dose before receiving the second dose. Administering the second dose too soon may result in a weaker immune response and decreased effectiveness of the vaccine. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are not in line with the recommended minimum interval for effective vaccination.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because putting the baby to breast stimulates the release of oxytocin, which helps the uterus contract and reduce post-delivery blood loss. This promotes faster recovery for the mother. A: Incorrect - Lactation usually begins within 24-48 hours, not 1 to 3 days after delivery. B: Incorrect - Nipple stretching exercises are not necessary for breastfeeding success and can cause discomfort. C: Incorrect - Excessive washing of nipples can strip away natural oils and cause dryness or irritation, affecting breastfeeding.