ATI LPN
NCLEX PN Questions on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following diseases causes reversible bronchoconstriction?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Asthma (D) causes reversible bronchoconstriction . B-agonists reverse spasms , unlike irreversible bronchiectasis (A), bronchitis (B), and emphysema (C). D's reversibility versus B's chronicity defines it, per document.
Question 2 of 5
In an asthmatic attack, which of the following is expected?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Asthma's airway obstruction increases breathing work (C) via bronchoconstriction. Wheezing dominates expiration (A, false) as air traps (Q15). Bronchodilators (e.g., albuterol) relieve it (B, false). FEV1 drops (D, false) due to reduced flow (FEV1/FVC < 70%, Q46). C's effort diaphragm flattening, accessory muscles rises (e.g., 1-2% O2 consumption to 5-10%), unlike A's inspiratory bias or D's spirometry error, per obstructive physiology.
Question 3 of 5
Oxygens percentage in the atmospheric air is __ that CO2 percentage and its solubility in solution (Example: Blood) is __ than CO2 solubility.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oxygen's atmospheric percentage (21%) exceeds CO2's (0.04%) (B), but its solubility in blood (0.024 mL/mmHg/dL) is lower than CO2's (0.57 mL/mmHg/dL) . O2's higher presence drives diffusion (PIO2 ~150 mmHg vs. PICO2 ~0.3 mmHg), yet 98% binds hemoglobin dissolved O2 is minor (1.5% at PaO2 100 mmHg). CO2's solubility aids 10% dissolved transport, with 70% as HCO3-. B's contrast unlike A's reversal matches gas laws and physiology's transport mechanisms.
Question 4 of 5
Regarding surfactants, one is true?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Surfactant reduces alveolar surface tension (B). From type II cells, it drops tension (30 dynes/cm to 5), preventing collapse (Q9). Pleural pressure (A) stays negative (-5 cm H2O). Alveolar pressure (C) is 0 at rest, unaffected directly. Inspiration eases (D, false), compliance rises (0.2 to 0.5 L/cm H2O). B's role unlike A's irrelevance stabilizes 300 million alveoli, per physiology (Q64).
Question 5 of 5
Regarding Pneumothorax, one of the following isn't true?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pneumothorax doesn't increase lung compliance. Lung collapses (Q11), thorax widens (A), reducing VC (C, < 4.8 L) and venous return (B, pressure loss, Q58). Compliance (~0.2 L/cm H2O) drops collapsed lung stiffens, not softens (D). A's expansion, B's cardiac effect, and C's volume loss align with air entry (0 mmHg intrapleural). D's increase unlike A's mechanics contradicts physiology's restrictive shift.