ATI LPN
Quiz Questions Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following defects results in obstruction to blood flow?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aortic stenosis is the correct answer as it is a defect that causes narrowing of the aortic valve, leading to obstruction of blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta. This obstruction increases the workload on the heart and can result in symptoms such as chest pain and heart failure. Tricuspid atresia, atrial septal defect, and transposition of the great arteries do not directly cause obstruction to blood flow in the same way as aortic stenosis. Tricuspid atresia involves the absence of the tricuspid valve, atrial septal defect is a hole in the atrial septum, and transposition of the great arteries involves a switch in the positions of the pulmonary artery and aorta.
Question 2 of 5
A term generally used to describe all white blood cells is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: leukocytes. Leukocytes are a general term encompassing all white blood cells, which play a crucial role in the immune system. They are responsible for defending the body against infections and foreign invaders. Hematopoietic cells (A) refer to the cells that give rise to all blood cells, including red and white blood cells. Myeloid progenitors (B) are specific progenitor cells that give rise to certain types of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. Dendritic cells (C) are a specific type of white blood cell that plays a key role in the immune response by presenting antigens to other immune cells. Overall, leukocytes are the most appropriate term to describe all white blood cells due to their broad and inclusive nature in the immune system.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because helper T cells do not directly kill pathogen-infected cells. Helper T cells assist in coordinating the immune response by activating other immune cells. T-cell activation involves cell division and differentiation (Choice A), effector B cells differentiate into plasma cells to secrete antibodies (Choice B), and plasma cells are responsible for antibody secretion (Choice C). Therefore, the mismatched pair is helper T cell: kills pathogen-infected cells.
Question 4 of 5
While the nurse is aware that blood type O is the universal donor, the nurse should also know that patients with blood type O can only receive which blood type?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Blood type O individuals can only receive blood type O due to the presence of antibodies against blood types A and B. Since blood type O lacks A and B antigens, it is safe for individuals with blood type O to receive only blood type O. Choice A (A) contains A antigens, choice B (B) contains B antigens, and choice C (AB) contains both A and B antigens, making them incompatible with blood type O.
Question 5 of 5
Which patient exhibits signs and symptoms of hemochromatosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Hemochromatosis is a condition characterized by excessive iron absorption leading to iron overload. The 47-year-old male with fatigue, weight loss, bronzing of the skin (due to iron deposition), and elevated TIBC fits the typical presentation. Fatigue is common due to iron accumulation affecting various organs. Weight loss can occur due to organ damage. Bronzing of the skin is a classic sign. Elevated TIBC indicates the body's attempt to bind excess iron. Choices B, C, and D do not exhibit the classic signs and symptoms of hemochromatosis and are thus incorrect.