ATI LPN
Nursing Fundamentals Exam for LPN Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following completely describes PULSUS PARADOXICUS?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pulsus paradoxus is an exaggerated systolic drop (>10 mmHg) on inspiration e.g., pericardial effusion due to heart compression. Increase (opposite), positional pulse (unrelated) differ. Nurses detect this e.g., sphygmomanometer for emergencies, per pathophysiology.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is aware that the approximate normal volume of urine produced by an adult per day is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adults produce ~1500 ml urine daily e.g., 1-2 liters per kidney function. Less (800-1000) or more (2000) vary. Nurses monitor e.g., output for health, per norms.
Question 3 of 5
The adrenal glands are located
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adrenals sit atop kidneys e.g., suprarenal unlike neck, below, beside pancreas. Nurses locate e.g., anatomy for function, per standards.
Question 4 of 5
A group of nurses is planning to investigate the effectiveness of turning immobilized stroke clients more frequently in order to prevent skin breakdown. The team has begun by formulating a PICO question. Which element will the 'O' in the team's PICO question refer to?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the PICO framework Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome the 'O' represents the outcome of interest, the goal the research aims to evaluate. Here, nurses are studying immobilized stroke clients (Population) and frequent turning (Intervention) versus the current schedule (Comparison). The outcome, preventing skin breakdown, is what they hope to achieve, measuring success through reduced pressure ulcers or improved skin integrity. This focus drives the study's design, as outcomes like ulcer incidence rates provide tangible data to assess the intervention's effectiveness. Stroke clients define the group, turning is the action, and the schedule is the baseline, but preventing skin breakdown is the endpoint, critical for evidence-based practice in enhancing care quality for vulnerable patients.
Question 5 of 5
When caring for a client who has just been diagnosed with a chronic illness, the nurse understands the importance of promoting health by highlighting which concept?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Promoting health post-chronic illness diagnosis shifts the client's perspective toward resilience, emphasizing what is possible achievable goals like managing symptoms or maintaining independence. This empowers the client, fostering hope and agency despite limitations, aligning with nursing's wellness focus. Focusing on what can no longer be or altered functioning highlights loss, risking despair, while probing the illness's cause offers little actionable benefit and may frustrate. By targeting possibilities like adapting activities for a diabetic client the nurse builds a positive care plan, leveraging strengths to optimize function. This approach mitigates the chronic condition's impact, encouraging a proactive mindset essential for long-term coping and quality of life, reflecting nursing's holistic support ethos.