ATI LPN
Urinary System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following changes tends to increase glomerular filtration rate (GFR):
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The glomerular capillary filtration coefficient (Kf) reflects the permeability and surface area of the filtration membrane. Increasing Kf enhances GFR by allowing more fluid to filter for a given pressure, directly proportional to GFR = Kf × NFP. Increased afferent resistance (A) or decreased efferent resistance (B) reduces GFR, and increased capsular pressure (D) opposes filtration, making C correct.
Question 2 of 5
When a patient has PH changes first line of defense will be the physiological buffer system, if it's not enough the chemical buffer system will take place?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The statement is incorrect. Chemical buffers (bicarbonate, phosphate, proteins) are the first line of defense, instantly neutralizing pH changes. Physiological responses (respiratory COâ‚‚ adjustment, renal Hâº/HCO₃⻠regulation) follow if buffers are insufficient. The terms are reversed here, making B (False) correct.
Question 3 of 5
For the evaluation feedback process to be effective, the medical-surgical nurse who is a manager:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Effective evaluation feedback requires regular, specific communication about performance (C), enabling staff to understand strengths and areas for improvement, fostering growth. Weekly meetings (A) may help but aren't specific to feedback, delegation (B) is task assignment, and goal-setting (D) is planning, not evaluation, making C the key to effectiveness.
Question 4 of 5
What is the role of tubular secretion in urine formation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tubular secretion actively transports substances (e.g., Hâº, Kâº, drugs) from peritubular capillaries into renal tubules (B), aiding waste elimination and pH balance. Reabsorption (A) retrieves substances, filtration (C) is glomerular, and blood pressure control (D) is indirect, making B the correct role.
Question 5 of 5
The following factor(s) tend(s) to INCREASE the rate of glomerular filtration (GFR):
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sympathetic stimulation (A) constricts the afferent arteriole, reducing GFR; obstruction (B) increases capsular pressure, lowering GFR; and efferent vasodilation (C) decreases glomerular pressure, reducing GFR. None increase GFR—sympathetic effects lower it, obstruction opposes filtration, and efferent dilation reduces driving force—making D (none are correct) the answer.