Which of the following are caused by acetylcholine

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ATI LPN Test Bank

Which of the following are caused by acetylcholine?

A. Hyperpolarization of SA node B. Depolarization of AV node C. Decrease permeability of the SA node to potassium ions D. Increased heart rate

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Acetylcholine hyperpolarizes the SA node, slowing heart rate via increased potassium permeability.

The SA node discharges at 0.00 seconds, when will the action potential normally arrive at the epicardial surface at the base of the left ventricle?

A. 0.22 sec B. 0.18 sec C. 0.16 sec D. 0.05 sec

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The action potential reaches the epicardial base of the left ventricle in about 0.22 seconds via Purkinje fibers.

Which type of lipoproteins acts as a reservoir of apolipoproteins for the other lipoproteins?

A. Chylomicrons B. VLDL C. LDL D. HDL

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: HDL serves as a reservoir, donating apolipoproteins to other lipoproteins.

Which of the following is an indication of infective endocarditis?

A. Splinter hemorrhage B. Petechiae C. Osler's node D. All of them

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: All listed signs—splinter hemorrhages, petechiae, and Osler's nodes—are classic for infective endocarditis.

Which of the following is considered a high-risk factor to develop hypercoagulability?

A. Cardiomyopathy B. Nephrotic syndrome C. Smoking D. Myocardial infarction

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome increases hypercoagulability by losing antithrombin III in urine.

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