ATI LPN
Questions on the Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the body systems listed below cooperate to supply Oâ‚‚ to cells and eliminate COâ‚‚? 1) digestive system 2) cardiovascular system 3) urinary system 4) respiratory system 5) endocrine system
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cardiovascular (2) and respiratory (4) systems cooperate to supply oxygen (Oâ‚‚) to cells and eliminate carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚). The respiratory system inhales Oâ‚‚, exchanging it into blood via alveoli (external respiration), while the cardiovascular system transports it to tissues and returns COâ‚‚ to lungs for exhalation. Digestive (1) provides nutrients, not gases. Urinary (3) excretes waste, not COâ‚‚ directly. Endocrine (5) regulates metabolism, not gas transport. Only 2 and 4 directly handle Oâ‚‚ delivery and COâ‚‚ removal, a synergistic pair essential for cellular respiration, key in physiology and conditions like COPD or heart failure disrupting this balance.
Question 2 of 5
What explanation should the nurse give to a client and family regarding the development of COPD in a young adult?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A hereditary alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency (A) explains COPD in a young adult. AAT protects lungs from elastase, an enzyme breaking down alveolar walls; deficiency accelerates emphysema, even without smoking, onset possible in 20s-30s. Childhood smoking (B) or secondary smoke (C) contributes to typical COPD later (50s-60s), not young adulthood absent AAT issues. Smokeless tobacco (D) affects oral health, not lungs directly. AAT deficiency, a genetic rarity, shifts COPD's timeline, critical for family education on screening and avoiding irritants, distinguishing it from lifestyle-driven cases in older adults.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is a priority goal for the client with COPD?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Maintaining functional ability (A) is a priority goal for COPD clients. This chronic, progressive disease limits airflow, reducing exercise tolerance preserving daily activity (e.g., walking, self-care) enhances quality of life and slows decline. Chest pain (B) isn't typical in COPD unless complicated (e.g., pneumothorax) dyspnea dominates. Increasing COâ‚‚ (C) is harmful; COPD often causes hypercapnia, needing reduction. Treating infections (D) is a means, not the goal prevention aids function. Functional ability, supported by rehab and breathing techniques, is a measurable, client-centered outcome, critical in nursing care plans to manage COPD's impact long-term.
Question 4 of 5
A 35-year-old man has a 5-year history of episodic wheezing and coughing. The episodes are more common during the winter months, and he has noticed that they often follow minor respiratory tract infections. In the period between the episodes, he can breathe normally. There is no family history of asthma or other allergies. On physical examination, there are no remarkable findings. A chest radiograph shows no abnormalities. A serum IgE level and WBC count are normal. Which of the following is the most likely mechanism that contributes to the findings in his illness?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bronchial hyperreactivity to chronic inflammation (B) explains nonatopic asthma here . Viral infections trigger bronchial spasm in a low-threshold airway, causing wheezing (RR 35/min). Normal IgE/WBC rule out atopy. Neutrophils (A) fit pneumonia. Eosinophils (C) mark allergic asthma. Aspergillus (D) is ABPA. B's intrinsic reactivity unlike C's allergic basis fits episodic, post-viral pattern, per document.
Question 5 of 5
In which of the following diseases would the occurrence of hemoptysis prompt a search for another disease as the cause of hemoptysis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.