ATI LPN
Nursing Fundamentals Exam for LPN Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which nursing intervention promotes mobility for a patient who has been on bed rest for an extended period?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assisting with passive range of motion exercises promotes mobility in a bedridden patient by maintaining joint flexibility and preventing stiffness, countering immobility's effects. Staying in bed or restricting movement worsens deconditioning, and restraints hinder progress. Nurses implement this to gradually restore function, supporting circulation and muscle health, a vital step toward active mobility in prolonged rest scenarios.
Question 2 of 5
A client hospitalized with chronic dyspepsia is diagnosed with gastric cancer. Which of the following is associated with an increased incidence of gastric cancer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Luncheon meats, high in nitrates and preservatives, are linked to gastric cancer due to their conversion into carcinogenic nitrosamines in the stomach, a risk factor supported by dietary studies. Dairy, carbonated drinks, and refined sugars may contribute to other health issues but lack a strong direct association with gastric cancer. Processed meats' chemical content irritates gastric mucosa over time, increasing malignancy risk. Nurses use this knowledge for dietary counseling, helping clients reduce exposure to such risk factors, enhancing prevention strategies alongside treatment for existing conditions.
Question 3 of 5
An 8-year-old is admitted with drooling, muffled phonation, and a temperature of 102°F. The nurse should immediately notify the doctor because the child's symptoms are suggestive of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Drooling, muffled voice, and fever in an 8-year-old suggest epiglottitis, a life-threatening airway emergency requiring immediate physician notification for intervention like intubation. Strep throat lacks drooling, laryngotracheobronchitis features a barky cough, and tonsillitis doesn't typically muffle speech. Nurses act swiftly, recognizing this triad as a red flag for rapid airway obstruction.
Question 4 of 5
The physician has ordered a blood test for H. pylori. The nurse should prepare the client by:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: No special preparation is needed for an H. pylori blood test (serology), detecting antibodies without fasting or isotopes unlike urea breath tests. Nurses convey this simplicity, reducing client anxiety, ensuring compliance with this diagnostic step for ulcer-related conditions.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a leaking cerebral aneurysm. Which finding should be reported to the physician immediately?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A blood pressure of 210/100 in a leaking cerebral aneurysm is a hypertensive crisis, risking re-bleed or extension, requiring immediate physician report normal pupils, no pain, or adequate urine don't signal this urgency. Nurses act swiftly, as uncontrolled pressure threatens brain damage, prompting rapid antihypertensive intervention.