ATI LPN
Urinary System Multiple Choice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which medication taken by a patient with decreased renal function will be of most concern to the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medications (NSAIDs) are nephrotoxic and should be avoided in patients with impaired renal function. The nurse should also ask about reasons the patient is taking the other medications, but the medication of most concern is the ibuprofen.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reviewing data for a patient with acute kidney injury. Which of the following diagnostic test results would the nurse recognize as being indicative of kidney injury?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Serum creatinine 4.2 mg/dL (B) far exceeds 1.5 mg/dL, indicating kidney injury. BUN 40 (A), fixed SG 1.010 (E), and output 100 mL/24h (F) also suggest AKI, but creatinine is most specific; uric acid (C) and hematocrit (D) are less direct, making B key.
Question 3 of 5
A patient who is on hemodialysis for chronic kidney disease is given sevelamer hydrochloride(Renagel) with meals. What explanation should be provided to the patient as the primary reason the medication is being given?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Associated with a low calcium level is hyperphosphatemia which causes the bones to release calcium making patients prone to fractures.
Question 4 of 5
A kidney biopsy has been scheduled for a patient with a history of acute renal failure. The patient asks the nurse why this test has been scheduled. What is the nurses best response?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A biopsy (D) diagnoses and evaluates kidney disease extent, indicated for unexplained failure or proteinuria. It's not routine (A), tied to x-rays (B), or pre-transplant (C), making D the best explanation.
Question 5 of 5
Results of a patients 24-hour urine sample indicate osmolality of 510 mOsm/kg, which is within reference range. What conclusion can the nurse draw from this assessment finding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Normal osmolality (300-900 mOsm/kg) like 510 (C) shows kidneys can concentrate urine. It's not about acid-base (A), potassium (B), or erythropoietin (D), making C the conclusion.