Which medication is used to treat acute gout attacks?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Colchicine. Colchicine is used to treat acute gout attacks by reducing inflammation and pain caused by uric acid crystals in the joints. It works by inhibiting the inflammatory response to these crystals. Allopurinol, Febuxostat, and Probenecid are used for long-term management of gout by lowering uric acid levels, not for acute attacks. Colchicine is specifically indicated for treating acute gout attacks due to its anti-inflammatory properties.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice A (Anisocytosis) is correct: 1. Anisocytosis refers to a condition where red blood cells vary significantly in size. 2. In this scenario, observing a large variation in red cell size on a blood film fits the definition of anisocytosis. 3. Anisocytosis is commonly associated with conditions like iron deficiency anemia or certain genetic disorders. 4. Therefore, in the context of the question, anisocytosis is the most appropriate term to describe the finding. Summary: - Choice A (Anisocytosis) is correct as it accurately describes the observed variation in red cell size. - Choices B, C, and D (Poikilocytosis, Haemachromatosis, Polychromasia) are incorrect as they do not specifically address the variation in cell size as seen in anisocytosis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Haptens. Haptens are molecules that can react with antibodies but cannot induce an immune response on their own. They need to bind to a larger carrier molecule to trigger an immune reaction. Antigens (A) are molecules that can induce an immune response. Immunoglobulins (B) are antibodies produced by the immune system. Immunogens (D) are substances capable of inducing an immune response by themselves. Therefore, haptens best fit the description provided in the question.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use nonlatex gloves. This intervention is crucial in preventing an allergic response in a client with a latex allergy. Latex gloves are a common source of exposure to latex allergens, so using nonlatex gloves reduces the risk of triggering an allergic reaction. Explanation: 1. Latex gloves contain latex proteins that can cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. 2. By using nonlatex gloves, the risk of direct contact with latex allergens is minimized. 3. This intervention is a practical and effective measure to protect the client from exposure to latex. 4. It is a proactive approach to prevent potential allergic responses and promote client safety. Summary of other choices: B: Placing the client in a private room only does not directly address the risk of latex exposure. C: Using a blood pressure cuff from an electronic device only is not specific to preventing latex exposure. D: Avoiding medication vials with rubber stoppers is important but does not directly address the use of latex

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bone marrow suppression. Sulfonamides are known to cause hematologic adverse effects, such as bone marrow suppression leading to decreased production of blood cells. This can manifest as anemia, leukopenia, or thrombocytopenia. Monitoring for signs and symptoms of bone marrow suppression, such as fatigue, pallor, easy bruising, and increased susceptibility to infections, is crucial. Explanation of other choices: A: Ototoxicity - Sulfonamides do not typically cause ototoxicity. B: Nephrotoxicity - While sulfonamides can cause kidney damage in some cases, bone marrow suppression is a more common adverse effect. D: Increased white blood cell (WBC) count - Sulfonamides do not typically lead to an increase in WBC count; instead, they are more likely to cause a decrease due to bone marrow suppression.