ATI LPN
Immune System Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which medication is used to reduce inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hydroxychloroquine. It is used to reduce inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting the immune response. Hydroxychloroquine is a disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) that helps control symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. Methotrexate (B) and Leflunomide (C) are also DMARDs used in RA treatment, but they have different mechanisms of action. Adalimumab (D) is a biologic drug that targets specific proteins in the immune system and is used for more severe cases of RA.
Question 2 of 5
A patient being seen in an outpatient clinic has had a complete blood count done. The results indicate increased eosinophil count. This finding is highly suggestive of a/an:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Parasitic infestation. Eosinophils are white blood cells that are typically elevated in response to parasitic infections. Parasites trigger an immune response that involves an increase in eosinophils to help combat the infection. Bacterial infections (choice B) usually lead to an increase in neutrophils, while viral infections (choice C) typically result in an increase in lymphocytes. Fungal reactions (choice D) can cause an increase in eosinophils, but parasitic infestations are more commonly associated with this finding. In this case, the increased eosinophil count is highly suggestive of a parasitic infestation based on the patient's clinical presentation and laboratory results.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse prepares to give a bath and change the bed linens of a client with cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma lesions. The lesions are open and draining a scant amount of serous fluid. Which would the nurse incorporate into the plan during the bathing of this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (Wearing a gown and gloves). When dealing with open and draining lesions like those seen in cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma, it is important for the nurse to wear a gown and gloves to protect themselves from exposure to the serous fluid. The gown provides an additional layer of protection for the nurse's clothing, while gloves prevent direct contact with the fluid. Wearing just gloves (choice A) may not provide enough protection for the nurse's clothing. Adding a mask (choice C) is unnecessary since the serous fluid is not airborne. Choice D is incorrect as changing the bed linens with just gloves does not provide sufficient protection for the nurse's clothing.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing a group of Cub Scouts for an overnight camping trip and instructs the Scouts about the methods to prevent Lyme disease. Which statement by one of the Scouts indicates a need for further instruction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because using insect repellents is actually recommended to prevent tick bites, not attract them. Ticks are repelled by certain chemicals in insect repellents, so using repellents can help reduce the risk of getting Lyme disease. Therefore, the Scout's statement about not using insect repellents shows a misunderstanding and indicates a need for further instruction. In contrast, choices A, B, and D are all correct preventive measures for Lyme disease. Wearing a hat, long-sleeved tops, long pants, closed shoes, and socks that can be pulled up over pants all help to minimize skin exposure to ticks and reduce the chances of getting bitten.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is assigned to care for a client with cytomegalovirus retinitis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who is receiving foscarnet, an antiviral medication. The nurse should monitor the results of which laboratory study while the client is taking this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Serum creatinine level. Foscarnet, an antiviral medication, can cause nephrotoxicity. Monitoring serum creatinine levels is crucial to assess renal function and detect any potential kidney damage. CD4+ T cell count (A) is important in HIV management but not specific to foscarnet monitoring. Lymphocyte count (B) and serum albumin level (C) are not directly related to foscarnet therapy or its potential side effects.