ATI LPN
Questions on Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which medication is used for acute management of gout?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Colchicine. Colchicine is used for acute gout attacks as it reduces inflammation and pain by inhibiting the inflammatory response to urate crystals. Allopurinol, Febuxostat, and Probenecid are used for long-term management by lowering uric acid levels, not for acute attacks. Colchicine is the preferred choice for acute gout due to its anti-inflammatory effects.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is studying hypersensitivity reactions. Which reactions are correctly matched with their hypersensitivity types? (Select one that does not apply)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because Type II hypersensitivity reactions are mediated by immunoglobulins G or M, not just IgM alone. Step-by-step rationale: 1. Type I hypersensitivity: Correctly matched with examples like hay fever and anaphylaxis. 2. Type II hypersensitivity: Incorrectly matched with IgM, as it is mediated by IgG or IgM. 3. Type III hypersensitivity: Correctly matched with immune complex deposits in blood vessel walls. 4. Type IV hypersensitivity: Correctly matched with examples like poison ivy and transplant rejection. In summary, choice B is incorrect because it inaccurately describes the immunoglobulin involved in Type II hypersensitivity reactions.
Question 3 of 5
On examination of a peripheral blood film of a patient with sickle cell disease, some nuclear remnants are seen on the red blood cells. This finding is strongly suggestive of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: The presence of nuclear remnants on red blood cells in sickle cell disease indicates Howell-Jolly bodies, a sign of functional asplenia due to autosplenectomy. This occurs in sickle cell disease due to chronic vaso-occlusive crises leading to infarction and fibrosis of the spleen. Asplenism increases the risk of infections, particularly encapsulated organisms. Summary: A: Hypersplenism is incorrect because it would result in increased removal of red blood cells without nuclear remnants. C: Hepatomegaly is incorrect as it is not typically associated with the presence of nuclear remnants on red blood cells. D: Bone marrow failure is incorrect as it does not specifically lead to the presence of Howell-Jolly bodies on red blood cells in sickle cell disease.
Question 4 of 5
Regarding the Natural Killer (NK) cells:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: NK cells don't require any prior exposure before being active. NK cells are part of the innate immune system and can quickly respond to infected or abnormal cells without prior exposure or activation. They recognize stressed cells by detecting changes in surface markers. Choice A is incorrect because NK cells originate from lymphoid precursor cells. Choice C is incorrect because NK cells do not require prior exposure for their activity, although their response can be enhanced by cytokines. Choice D is incorrect because NK cells are not specific for particular viruses; they target a broad range of infected or abnormal cells.
Question 5 of 5
A client is diagnosed with scleroderma. Which intervention should the nurse anticipate to be prescribed?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer corticosteroids as prescribed for inflammation. In scleroderma, corticosteroids are commonly prescribed to reduce inflammation and manage symptoms. Bed rest (A) is not typically recommended as it can lead to muscle weakness. Remaining supine after meals (C) is not necessary for scleroderma. Keeping the room temperature warm during the day and cool at night (D) may provide comfort but does not directly address the underlying condition of scleroderma.