ATI LPN
Questions on the Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which medication is associated with an increased risk of cardiac events?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Celecoxib. Celecoxib is a selective COX-2 inhibitor, which has been associated with an increased risk of cardiac events, such as heart attacks and strokes. This is due to its mechanism of action, which can lead to elevated blood pressure and interfere with normal blood clotting. Celecoxib is specifically known to increase the risk of cardiovascular events compared to other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like diclofenac, ibuprofen, and naproxen. Diclofenac, ibuprofen, and naproxen are traditional NSAIDs that can also have cardiovascular risks, but the risk is generally lower compared to celecoxib. In summary, celecoxib is associated with an increased risk of cardiac events due to its selective COX-2 inhibition, while the other choices are less likely to have as significant of an impact on cardiovascular health.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with thalassemia has been found to have high iron levels. Which of the following agents would be appropriate for management of this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Deferoxamine. Thalassemia patients often require blood transfusions, leading to iron overload. Deferoxamine is an iron-chelating agent that helps remove excess iron from the body. Ferrous sulphate (A) is an iron supplement and would worsen iron overload. Hydroxycobalamin (B) is a form of vitamin B12 and is not indicated for iron overload. Iron dextran (D) is another form of iron supplement and would also exacerbate the iron overload in this patient. Therefore, the appropriate choice is C as it directly addresses the issue of high iron levels in thalassemia patients.
Question 3 of 5
During a secondary humoral response:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: During a secondary humoral response, memory B cells are activated, leading to a faster and more robust production of Ig antibodies than in the primary response. IgG antibodies, in particular, are produced in higher amounts and persist longer than IgM antibodies. This is because memory B cells are already primed to quickly differentiate into plasma cells upon re-exposure to the same antigen, resulting in a more rapid and efficient immune response. Therefore, choice D is correct. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the characteristics of a secondary humoral response.
Question 4 of 5
A client arrives at the health care clinic and tells the nurse that she was just bitten by a tick and would like to be tested for Lyme disease. The client tells the nurse that she removed the tick and flushed it down the toilet. Which actions are most appropriate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Inform the client to plan to have a blood test 4 to 6 weeks after a bite to detect the presence of the disease. Rationale: 1. Lyme disease testing is most accurate 4-6 weeks post-bite due to the time required for antibodies to develop. 2. Testing too early may result in false negatives. 3. Waiting allows for accurate detection and timely treatment if needed. Summary of Other Choices: A: Incorrect. Arthralgia is just one symptom; testing is needed for accurate diagnosis. C: Incorrect. While prevention is important, this does not address the immediate need for testing. D: Incorrect. Antibiotics should not be started without proper diagnosis to avoid unnecessary medication.
Question 5 of 5
Amikacin is prescribed for a client with a bacterial infection. The nurse instructs the client to contact the primary health care provider (PHCP) immediately if which occurs?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hearing loss. Amikacin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is known to cause ototoxicity, which can manifest as hearing loss. The client should contact the PHCP immediately if hearing loss occurs as it may be a sign of irreversible damage. Nausea (A), lethargy (B), and muscle aches (D) are common side effects of Amikacin but are not urgent or indicative of a serious adverse reaction requiring immediate medical attention.