ATI LPN
Hematologic System Assessment Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which medication is a corticosteroid?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prednisone is a corticosteroid because it belongs to the class of medications that mimic the actions of corticosteroid hormones produced by the adrenal glands. Corticosteroids have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties, making them effective for treating various conditions like asthma, arthritis, and autoimmune diseases. Methotrexate, Hydroxychloroquine, and Leflunomide are not corticosteroids; they belong to different classes of medications used for managing conditions like rheumatoid arthritis but work through different mechanisms of action.
Question 2 of 5
A client calls the clinic to report exposure to poison ivy and an itchy rash that is not helped with over-the-counter antihistamines. What response by the nurse is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (A): Antihistamines do not help poison ivy. Poison ivy rash is a type IV delayed hypersensitivity reaction, not a histamine-mediated reaction. Therefore, antihistamines will not provide relief. The most appropriate response is to educate the client on the ineffectiveness of antihistamines for poison ivy. Summary of Incorrect Choices: B: There are different antihistamines to try. This is incorrect because antihistamines are not effective for poison ivy rash. C: You should be seen in the clinic right away. Immediate clinic visit is not necessary unless there are severe symptoms or complications. D: You will need to take some IV steroids. IV steroids are not the first-line treatment for poison ivy rash. Topical steroids are usually sufficient.
Question 3 of 5
In which of the following conditions is percent transferrin iron saturation highest?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hemachromatosis. In hemachromatosis, the body absorbs and stores too much iron, leading to high transferrin iron saturation. Rationale: 1. In hemachromatosis, the body absorbs excess iron from the diet, causing high iron levels in the blood. 2. Transferrin is a protein that transports iron in the blood. In hemachromatosis, the high iron levels saturate the transferrin, leading to high percent transferrin iron saturation. 3. Anemia of chronic disease (A) is characterized by low iron levels and low transferrin iron saturation. 4. Iron deficiency (B) results in low iron levels and low transferrin iron saturation. 5. Pernicious anemia (C) is caused by vitamin B12 deficiency, not iron overload, leading to normal to low transferrin iron saturation. Summary: Hemachromatosis leads to high
Question 4 of 5
The immunity conferred by the tetanus toxoid vaccine is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Artificially acquired active immunity. The tetanus toxoid vaccine contains inactivated tetanus toxin, which stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies against tetanus. This process results in the person developing immunity to tetanus in the future. It is considered active immunity because the individual's immune system is actively involved in producing antibodies. A: Artificially acquired passive immunity involves receiving pre-formed antibodies, which provide immediate but temporary protection. This is not the case with the tetanus toxoid vaccine. B: Naturally acquired active immunity occurs when a person is exposed to the pathogen and develops immunity through their own immune response. This is not the case with the tetanus toxoid vaccine. D: Naturally acquired passive immunity involves receiving antibodies from another source, such as through breastfeeding. This is not how the tetanus toxoid vaccine works.
Question 5 of 5
A client calls the nurse in the emergency department and states that he was just stung by a bumblebee while gardening. The client is afraid of a severe reaction because the client's neighbor experienced such a reaction just 1 week ago. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ask the client if he ever sustained a bee sting in the past. This answer is correct because knowing the client's past history with bee stings can help the nurse assess the risk of a severe reaction. If the client has a history of severe reactions, the nurse may need to take immediate action. Choice A is incorrect because soaking the site in hydrogen peroxide is not the appropriate initial action for a bee sting. Choice C is incorrect because calling an ambulance is not necessary unless there are severe symptoms present, such as difficulty breathing or anaphylaxis. Choice D is incorrect because telling the client not to worry about the sting unless difficulty breathing occurs can be dangerous, as severe allergic reactions can happen rapidly and without warning.