ATI LPN
Hematologic System Assessment Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which is the priority concern in developing a teaching plan for the parents of a 15-month-old child?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, instructions on a home safety assessment. This is the priority concern because at 15 months, children are curious and mobile, making them prone to accidents. Conducting a home safety assessment helps identify potential hazards and allows parents to make necessary changes to create a safe environment for the child. Toilet training (A) and weaning from bottles (B) are important developmental milestones but are not as critical as ensuring the child's safety. Preschool readiness (C) is also important but can be addressed later, whereas immediate attention to home safety is crucial to prevent accidents.
Question 2 of 5
Ventricular septal defect has the following blood flow pattern:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for choice B (Increased pulmonary blood flow) being correct: 1. Ventricular septal defect results in a communication between the left and right ventricles. 2. This causes increased blood flow from the left ventricle to the right ventricle. 3. The increased blood flow is then directed to the pulmonary circulation, leading to increased pulmonary blood flow. 4. This results in volume overload of the pulmonary vasculature. 5. The other choices are incorrect because a ventricular septal defect does not cause mixed blood flow, decreased pulmonary blood flow, or obstruction to blood flow from ventricles.
Question 3 of 5
A mother states that she brought her child to the clinic because the 3-year-old girl was not keeping up with her siblings. During physical assessment, the nurse notes that the child has pale skin and conjunctiva and has muscle weakness. The hemoglobin on admission is 6.4 g/dl. After notifying the practitioner of the results, the nurse’s priority intervention is to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Minimize energy expenditure to decrease cardiac workload. The child's low hemoglobin level of 6.4 g/dl indicates severe anemia, leading to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity. With pale skin, conjunctiva, and muscle weakness, the child likely has symptoms of anemia, causing fatigue and decreased exercise tolerance. By minimizing energy expenditure, the nurse can prevent further strain on the child's already compromised cardiovascular system, reducing the risk of cardiac complications. This intervention prioritizes the child's safety and well-being by addressing the immediate physiological concern of decreased oxygen supply to tissues. Summary of why the other choices are incorrect: A: Reducing environmental stimulation is not the priority as the child's main issue is related to severe anemia, not seizures. B: Repeating the analysis with a new specimen may be necessary to confirm the hemoglobin level but is not the immediate priority when dealing with a critically low hemoglobin level. D: Administering intr
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is not a characteristic of inflammation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: inactivation of macrophages. Inflammation involves activation of macrophages to help phagocytize pathogens. Inactivation of macrophages would hinder the immune response. Increased vascular permeability, vasodilation, and pain are all typical characteristics of inflammation. Macrophages play a crucial role in the inflammatory response by engulfing and destroying pathogens, therefore, inactivation of macrophages is not a characteristic of inflammation.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following best describes the movement of a T cell through a lymph node?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because T cells enter the lymph node via the bloodstream through high endothelial venules and exit via efferent lymphatics. This process allows them to circulate between lymph nodes and peripheral tissues to survey for pathogens. Option A is incorrect because efferent lymphatics carry lymph away from the lymph node. Option B is incorrect as T cells enter via the bloodstream, not afferent lymphatics. Option C is incorrect as T cells exit via efferent lymphatics, not afferent lymphatics.