ATI LPN
Pediatric Immunization NCLEX Questions Ricci Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which is the most contagious communicable disease?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Measles is considered the most contagious vaccine-preventable disease, with a basic reproduction number (R0) of 12-18, meaning one infected person can infect 12-18 others in a susceptible population. It spreads via respiratory droplets and airborne transmission. Polio (R0 ~5-7), mumps (R0 ~4-7), and pertussis (R0 ~5-17) are also contagious but less so than measles, which has a higher attack rate and requires >90% vaccination coverage for herd immunity.
Question 2 of 5
The component of our white blood cells that produces antibodies which attack antigens are:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: B-Lymphocytes (B cells) are the white blood cells responsible for producing antibodies that bind to and neutralize antigens. Upon activation by antigens and helper T cells, B cells differentiate into plasma cells that secrete antibodies. Macrophages (Choice B) engulf pathogens, T-Lymphocytes (Choice C) include helper and cytotoxic types but don’t produce antibodies, and 'Cytotoxics' (Choice D) likely refers to cytotoxic T cells (CD8+), which kill infected cells, not produce antibodies.
Question 3 of 5
The mother of a child who is immunosuppressed asks about continuation of the childhood vaccines. Which immunization is not recommended to be given to the child during immunosuppression?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Live vaccines like rotavirus (RV) are contraindicated in immunosuppressed children due to the risk of vaccine-derived infection, as the weakened virus can replicate uncontrollably. Hib, HepB, and DT are inactivated vaccines, safe for immunocompromised patients. Choice C is the only live vaccine listed.
Question 4 of 5
A 48-month-old child is scheduled to receive the following vaccines: MMR, Varivax, IPV, and DTaP. The child's parents want the child to receive two vaccines today and the other two in 1 week. To accommodate the parents' wishes, the nurse will administer
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Live vaccines (MMR, Varivax) must be given simultaneously or separated by 28 days to avoid immune interference. Splitting them by 1 week (Choices A, B, C) violates this rule. Choice D administers MMR and Varivax today (both live) and DTaP and IPV (both inactivated) in 1 week, adhering to CDC spacing guidelines while meeting the parents’ request.
Question 5 of 5
Which vaccine is given soon after birth?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) is recommended by the CDC to be given within 24 hours of birth (dose 1), especially to prevent perinatal transmission from infected mothers. Polio (IPV) starts at 2 months, MMR at 12-15 months, and Varicella at 12-15 months, making Choice B the only vaccine administered soon after birth.