ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals of Nursing Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which is the best example of evidence-based nursing practice?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Evidence-based nursing practice (EBNP) integrates the best research with clinical expertise and patient values, prioritizing systematic evidence over anecdote. Recommending ginger for obstetric nausea, based on a literature review, exemplifies this identifying a problem, reviewing studies, and applying findings to practice, ensuring efficacy and safety. Relying on 35 years of experience or personal observations lacks research validation, risking outdated or biased care. Consulting about aspirin reflects a single article's influence, not a comprehensive evidence synthesis, limiting its scope. EBNP's strength lies in its rigorous process ginger's use stems from multiple studies, offering a replicable, patient-centered solution. This approach enhances care quality, reduces variability, and aligns with nursing's scientific evolution, particularly for common issues like nausea in pregnancy.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse working in a community setting is focusing on illness prevention for a group of clients who have risk factors for varying chronic illnesses. Which nursing action reflects primary prevention for this group?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Primary prevention stops illness before it begins, ideal for clients with risk factors but no disease. Educating about exercise benefits like reducing heart disease odds promotes healthy habits, targeting risks such as obesity or inactivity common across chronic conditions. Screening for cholesterol is secondary, detecting issues, not preventing them. Referring to a nutritionist could be primary but often follows identified needs, leaning tertiary. Planning care for hypertension is tertiary, managing a diagnosis. Exercise education empowers this group proactively evidence shows it cuts diabetes and cardiovascular risk fitting community nursing's preventive focus. This action builds resilience, aligning with nursing's goal to avert chronic illness onset through accessible, universal lifestyle changes, not reactive care.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse provides education during the discharge of a client who has a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Which priority statement does the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For a client with multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic condition causing neurological disability, discharge teaching prioritizes safety and adaptation. Scheduling an occupational therapist for a home safety assessment (A) is the priority statement, addressing risks like falls due to weakness or spasticity, common in MS. Daily exercise (B) benefits mobility but isn't the top concern without context of ability. Incontinence products (C) manage symptoms but don't prevent harm. Social support (D) aids emotionally but lacks immediacy. A is chosen for its proactive safety focus. Rationale: MS often impairs coordination and strength; a tailored home assessment reduces injury risk, aligning with nursing's emphasis on prevention and independence, critical for long-term management over symptomatic relief or support alone.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is suctioning an adult client through a tracheostomy tube. During the procedure, the nurse notes that the client's oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry is $89 \%$. Which action should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An oxygen saturation of $89% during suctioning indicates hypoxia; stopping the procedure (C) is the priority to restore oxygenation. Continuing (A) worsens desaturation. Calling respiratory (B) or changing catheters (D) delays action. C is correct. Rationale: Ceasing suctioning allows reoxygenation, preventing further decline, a critical step per oxygenation management guidelines, prioritizing patient stability.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of meningitis. What clinical findings indicate an increase in intracranial pressure? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Meningitis can raise intracranial pressure (ICP); bradycardia (B) is a classic sign of Cushing's triad (with hypertension and irregular breathing), indicating severe ICP elevation. Irritability (A) is early, not specific. Hyperalertness (C) contrasts with lethargy. Decreased pulse pressure (D) isn't typical. B is correct. Rationale: Bradycardia reflects brainstem compression from ICP, a late and critical sign requiring urgent intervention, per pediatric neurology standards, distinguishing it from earlier or unrelated findings.