ATI LPN
Questions About the Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which is a primary lymphoid organ?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Thymus. The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ where T lymphocytes mature. It plays a crucial role in the development of the immune system. Lymph nodes (A), spleen (B), and Peyer's patches (C) are considered secondary lymphoid organs where immune responses are initiated but not where lymphocytes mature. Thymus is the only choice that fits the criteria of being a primary lymphoid organ.
Question 2 of 5
Why do older people have weaker immune systems?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because older people tend to have lower levels of plasma proteins, such as antibodies, which play a crucial role in immune function. This results in a weaker immune response to pathogens. Explanation: 1. Plasma proteins are essential for immune defense. 2. Aging leads to a decline in plasma protein levels. 3. Lower plasma protein levels weaken the immune system's ability to fight infections. Summary: B and C are incorrect because bone marrow and platelets are not directly related to immune system weakening in older individuals. D is incorrect as lymphocytes becoming more reactive would actually suggest a stronger immune response, not a weaker one.
Question 3 of 5
A clinic nurse is caring for a client admitted with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The nurse has assessed that the client is experiencing a progressive decline in cognitive, behavioral, and motor functions. The nurse recognizes that these symptoms are most likely related to the onset of which complication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encephalopathy. This condition, also known as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), is a common neurological complication of AIDS. It is caused by direct infection of the central nervous system by the HIV virus, leading to cognitive, behavioral, and motor impairments. Other choices are incorrect because B-cell lymphoma typically presents with lymphadenopathy, Kaposi sarcoma with skin lesions, and wasting syndrome with severe weight loss and muscle wasting.
Question 4 of 5
An 18-year-old client who is pregnant has tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and asks the nurse if her baby is going to be born with HIV. Which response by the nurse is the best?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because HIV can be transmitted from mother to baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. By stating that the baby could contract HIV before, during, or after delivery, the nurse is providing accurate information about the potential transmission routes. This response also emphasizes the importance of interventions such as antiretroviral therapy and preventive measures to reduce the risk of transmission. Choice A is incorrect because it provides a specific statistic that may not apply to this individual case. Choice B is incorrect as it deflects the responsibility of providing information from the nurse to the healthcare provider. Choice C is incorrect because it downplays the significance of early interventions in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
Question 5 of 5
A client who has acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been admitted for the treatment of Kaposi sarcoma. Which nursing diagnosis should the nurse associate with this complication of AIDS?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Impaired skin integrity related to Kaposi sarcoma. Kaposi sarcoma is a type of cancer that affects the skin and mucous membranes. It can cause skin lesions that may lead to impaired skin integrity. The nurse should prioritize this nursing diagnosis to prevent infection and promote healing. Choice A is incorrect as disuse syndrome is not directly related to Kaposi sarcoma. Choice C is incorrect as diarrhea is not a common manifestation of Kaposi sarcoma. Choice D is incorrect as impaired swallowing is not typically associated with Kaposi sarcoma.