ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which intervention should the nurse implement to prevent contractures in a patient who is immobile?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Frequent position changes prevent contractures in immobile patients by keeping joints mobile and reducing muscle shortening risks. Heat or relaxants offer relief but don't address root immobility, and restraints worsen stiffness. Nurses use this to maintain range of motion, ensuring flexibility and function, a proactive measure against permanent musculoskeletal damage in prolonged stillness.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is to administer digoxin (Lanoxin) elixir to a 6-month-old with a congenital heart defect. The nurse auscultates an apical pulse rate of 100. The nurse should:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For a 6-month-old, an apical pulse of 100 beats per minute falls within the normal range (80-150 bpm), indicating it's safe to administer digoxin, a cardiac glycoside for heart defects, without delay. Recording and calling the physician or holding the dose isn't warranted unless the rate drops below 90-100 bpm (per pediatric guidelines). Rechecking post-administration isn't standard unless symptoms arise. Nurses document and proceed, ensuring timely therapy while monitoring for toxicity signs like bradycardia later.
Question 3 of 5
A 5-month-old infant is admitted to the ER with a temperature of 103.6°F and irritability. The mother states that the child has been listless for the past several hours and that he had a seizure on the way to the hospital. A lumbar puncture confirms a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. The nurse should assess the infant for:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tenseness of the anterior fontanel is a key sign of bacterial meningitis in a 5-month-old, indicating increased intracranial pressure from infection, alongside fever, irritability, and seizures. Periorbital edema isn't typical, a positive Babinski is normal at this age, and a negative scarf sign relates to tone, not pressure. Nurses assess this bulging fontanel urgently, as it signals worsening inflammation, guiding immediate antibiotic and supportive care to prevent brain damage or death in this critical condition.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer regular insulin to a client with type 1 diabetes. Before administering the insulin, the nurse should:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rotating the vial between hands mixes regular insulin gently, ensuring even suspension without denaturing it warming, shaking, or large needles risk potency loss or tissue damage. Nurses use this technique, confirming clarity, for safe, effective glycemic control in type 1 diabetes.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client with a history of renal calculi. Which dietary selection reflects an understanding of the nurse's teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Coffee, carrot sticks, and roast beef suit renal calculi prevention, avoiding oxalate-rich (cocoa, spinach) or calcium-binding (tea, peanut butter) foods cola's phosphates also risk stones. Nurses teach low-oxalate diets, reducing recurrence, supporting kidney health in at-risk clients.