ATI LPN
Questions on Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which hereditary disorder should be assessed in relation to hematological concerns? Select one that does not apply
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Asplenia. Asplenia is a condition where an individual lacks a spleen or has a non-functioning spleen. The spleen plays a crucial role in filtering blood and can lead to hematological concerns if absent. Sickle cell anemia (A), hemophilia (B), and thalassemia (D) are all hereditary disorders that directly affect blood composition or clotting factors, making them relevant to hematological concerns. However, asplenia does not directly involve blood disorders but rather impairs the immune system's ability to fight infections due to the spleen's role in immune response.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is in hypovolemic shock. While waiting for a unit of blood, the nurse should administer which of the following IV solutions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 0.9% sodium chloride. In hypovolemic shock, there is a loss of blood volume, so isotonic solutions like 0.9% sodium chloride are ideal to expand intravascular volume and help improve perfusion. This solution closely resembles the electrolyte composition of plasma, making it effective for fluid resuscitation. Explanation for other choices: B: 5% dextrose in water - This solution is hypotonic and not ideal for fluid resuscitation in hypovolemic shock as it may worsen the condition by diluting the remaining blood volume. C: Lactated Ringer’s - While this solution is isotonic and contains electrolytes, it may not be the best choice for hypovolemic shock as it contains potassium and lactate which may not be ideal in this situation. D: 0.45% sodium chloride - This solution is hypotonic and may not provide adequate volume expansion needed
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lower back discomfort. Abdominal aortic aneurysm can present with lower back discomfort due to the pressure on surrounding structures. Chest pain (B) is not typically associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm. Dyspnea (C) and nausea (D) are also not common manifestations of this condition. Lower back discomfort is a key characteristic symptom that nurses should expect when assessing a client with an abdominal aortic aneurysm.
Question 4 of 5
What is a serious side effect of antimalarial DMARDs?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Retinal damage. Antimalarial DMARDs like hydroxychloroquine can cause retinal damage, leading to vision loss. This is a serious side effect because it can be irreversible and impact quality of life. Bone marrow suppression (B), pulmonary fibrosis (C), and hepatotoxicity (D) are potential side effects of other medications but are not commonly associated with antimalarial DMARDs. It is important to monitor patients on antimalarials for early signs of retinal damage to prevent permanent vision loss.
Question 5 of 5
Which medication is used for acute management of gout?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Colchicine. Colchicine is used for acute gout attacks as it reduces inflammation and pain by inhibiting the inflammatory response to urate crystals. Allopurinol, Febuxostat, and Probenecid are used for long-term management by lowering uric acid levels, not for acute attacks. Colchicine is the preferred choice for acute gout due to its anti-inflammatory effects.