ATI LPN
Urinary System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which gender tends to get complicated or uncomplicated UTIs and why?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Women get uncomplicated UTIs due to shorter urethra; men get complicated due to structural issues.
Question 2 of 5
A young adult male client has a leg cast following an open reduction for a fractured tibia. He is in skeletal traction with 10 pounds of weight. Approximately two hours after returning to the unit, he reports severe pain in the affected extremity, and the nurse observes that the limb is blue and blanched. Which action should the nurse perform first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Severe pain, blueness, and blanching in a limb in traction post-fracture suggest compartment syndrome or vascular compromise, requiring the nurse to first notify the HCP. These signs indicate potential neurovascular impairment, a surgical emergency needing immediate evaluation (e.g., fasciotomy). Pain medication masks symptoms, releasing traction risks alignment without orders, and monitoring delays intervention, making prompt HCP notification the critical first step to prevent permanent damage.
Question 3 of 5
If this condition is left untreated what is the most expected outcome?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A negative Net Filtration Pressure (NFP) of -10 mmHg, as in this patient with severe shock, halts glomerular filtration, stopping urine production. Shock reduces renal perfusion, and untreated, this acute insult can lead to acute renal failure (or acute kidney injury), characterized by sudden loss of kidney function. Chronic renal failure develops over time, kidney stones are unrelated, and hypertension is a pre-existing condition here, not the outcome, making B correct.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following changes tends to increase glomerular filtration rate (GFR):
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The glomerular capillary filtration coefficient (Kf) reflects the permeability and surface area of the filtration membrane. Increasing Kf enhances GFR by allowing more fluid to filter for a given pressure, directly proportional to GFR = Kf × NFP. Increased afferent resistance (A) or decreased efferent resistance (B) reduces GFR, and increased capsular pressure (D) opposes filtration, making C correct.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is false about sodium reabsorption?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sodium reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) involves Na⺠entering the cell from the lumen (A is true) via cotransporters, but it's transported out to the capillary via Naâº/Kâº-ATPase, a primary active transport process, not passive (C is false). The pump uses ATP to move Na⺠against its gradient, contradicting C, making it the false statement.