ATI LPN
Perioperative Care Fundamentals Practice Questions Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which factors may lead to an anesthetic overdose in a patient? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anesthetic overdose factors include slowed metabolism , older age , fat retention , and liver/kidney disease (choice E, not listed). Uncooperative behavior affects management, not overdose. The rationale explains pharmacokinetics: elderly patients and those with impaired liver/kidney function metabolize drugs slower, accumulating anesthetics; fat stores retain lipophilic agents, prolonging effects. Nursing monitors these risks, adjusting care (e.g., dosing, ventilation), ensuring safety, distinct from behavioral challenges.
Question 2 of 5
A 49-year-old patient is in the PACU following a frontal craniotomy for repair of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. The nurse assesses that the patient's eyes open on verbal stimulation. Pupils are equal, reactive to light, and diameter is 3 mm. The patient's hand grasps are equal and strong. When the nurse asks the patient to state name, the patient states name correctly. The patient has had one episode of nausea and vomiting. Incision edges are dry and approximated with sutures. Lung sounds are slightly diminished per auscultation and the nurse observes the patient is using abdominal accessory muscles to breathe. Which body systems has the nurse assessed? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assessed systems include neurologic (choice C, pupils, grasps, orientation), respiratory (choice E, lung sounds), gastrointestinal (choice B, nausea), and integumentary (choice D, incision). Cardiovascular isn't noted. The rationale connects findings: neuro checks assess brain function post-craniotomy; lung sounds and breathing pattern evaluate oxygenation; nausea signals GI status; incision monitors healing. Nursing ensures brain and systemic stability, distinct from unassessed areas.
Question 3 of 5
When assessing the older postoperative patient for hydration status, where must the nurse assess for tenting of the skin? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In older adults, tenting is assessed on the sternum or forehead . Hand and forearm are less reliable due to age-related skin changes. The rationale explains physiology: elasticity decreases with age, making sternum/forehead truer dehydration indicators. Nursing uses these sites, avoiding false positives from thin extremities, ensuring accurate fluid status post-op.
Question 4 of 5
All of the following instructions about postoperative activity are correct for an obese patient except.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To be as active as possible, walking up to one mile per day by the postoperative office visit,' as it's excessive for an obese patient early postop unlike 'binder' (B), supportive, 'gradual activity' (C), appropriate, or 'work in 1 week' (D), feasible for laparoscopy. In nursing, tailored activity prevents strain; A aligns with NCLEX Perioperative, identifying unrealistic expectations.
Question 5 of 5
The use of herbal medicines should be discontinued...
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Herbal medicines should stop at least 2 weeks before surgery due to potential interactions (e.g., bleeding, sedation). Shorter 7-10 days , 2 days risks effects; 30 days is excessive. The rationale highlights pharmacology: herbs like ginkgo (bleeding) or St. John's wort (drug metabolism) need 14 days to clear, per anesthesia guidelines. Nursing assesses usage, educating on risks, ensuring safe anesthesia and hemostasis, contrasting with inadequate or overly long cessation.