Which factor contributes to hypoxemia in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: ARDS causes alveolar collapse and fluid accumulation, impairing gas exchange and leading to hypoxemia, not high cardiac output, bronchodilation, or increased hemoglobin.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: This patient is at high risk for hospital-acquired pneumonia. After a splenectomy (removal of the spleen), patients may experience pain and discomfort, which can make them reluctant to perform necessary activities like coughing and deep breathing. These activities are crucial for preventing lung complications such as atelectasis and pneumonia.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Oatmeal is a good source of fiber, which can help manage blood sugar levels. Whole-grain toast provides complex carbohydrates and fiber, and using an artificial sweetener in oatmeal reduces sugar intake. Tea is a good beverage choice as it does not contain sugar or calories if not sweetened.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Clients with COPD have a chronic retention of carbon dioxide, so monitoring carbon dioxide levels is essential to prevent the development of respiratory acidosis while providing long-term oxygen therapy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In a client with a traumatic brain injury, the primary indication for oxygen therapy is to ensure adequate oxygen supply to the brain and prevent further neurological damage.