ATI LPN
Hematologic System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which drug is a platelet inhibitor?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Clopidogrel (Plavix). Clopidogrel is a platelet inhibitor that works by inhibiting the platelet activation and aggregation process. It specifically targets the ADP receptor on platelets, preventing them from clumping together. This action helps to prevent blood clots from forming, making it an effective antiplatelet medication. Enoxaparin (B) is a low molecular weight heparin that works by inhibiting factors Xa and IIa, making it an anticoagulant rather than a platelet inhibitor. Reteplase (C) is a thrombolytic agent that works by converting plasminogen to plasmin, aiding in the breakdown of blood clots. Warfarin (D) is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is addressing condom use in the context of a health promotion workshop. When discussing the correct use of condoms, which instruction should the nurse give the attendees?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hold the condom during withdrawal so it doesn't come off. This is crucial to prevent slippage and potential exposure to sexually transmitted infections or unintended pregnancy. Holding the condom during withdrawal maintains its position and reduces the risk of breakage. A: Applying the condom prior to erection is incorrect as it may lead to slippage. B: Reusing a condom is unsafe and increases the risk of breakage and transmission of infections. C: Using skin lotion as a lubricant is not recommended as it can damage the condom and increase the risk of breakage.
Question 3 of 5
A client's primary infection with HIV has subsided and an equilibrium now exists between HIV levels and the client's immune response. This is known as what physiologic state?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Viral set point. During this stage, the client's immune response has reached a balance with HIV levels, leading to a stable viral load. This term reflects the equilibrium between viral replication and immune control. A: The static stage implies an inactive phase, which does not accurately describe the dynamic balance in the viral set point. B: Latent stage refers to a period of inactivity in viral replication, not the balanced state described in the question. D: The window period is the time between infection and detectable levels of HIV antibodies, not the equilibrium between viral levels and immune response.
Question 4 of 5
You are preparing the client for a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. Which of the following statements, if made by the patient, indicates the need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Ambulation is encouraged after a bone marrow aspiration to prevent blood clots. 2. Prolonged immobility can increase the risk of complications like deep vein thrombosis. 3. Therefore, the statement indicating to avoid ambulating for 24-48 hours is incorrect and requires further teaching. 4. Other choices (B, C, D) are appropriate and do not raise any concerns regarding patient understanding.
Question 5 of 5
In which of the following diseases would bone marrow transplantation not be indicated in a newly diagnosed client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, acute lymphocytic leukemia. In this disease, bone marrow transplantation is not indicated as it is a systemic cancer affecting the blood and bone marrow itself. Transplanting diseased bone marrow would not be effective in treating the underlying cancer. In contrast, severe aplastic anemia (A) and severe combined immunodeficiency (B) are conditions where bone marrow transplantation can help replace dysfunctional bone marrow with healthy stem cells. Chronic myeloid leukemia (D) may also benefit from bone marrow transplantation as a treatment option to replace cancerous cells with healthy ones.