Which drug can be given as a prophylaxis for cardiovascular effects? 1. Ticlopidine 2. Clopidogrel 3. Dipyridamole

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 2 and 3. Clopidogrel and dipyridamole are commonly used as prophylaxis for cardiovascular effects. Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet agent that helps prevent blood clots, reducing the risk of heart attacks and strokes. Dipyridamole is a vasodilator that helps widen blood vessels, improving blood flow and reducing the workload on the heart. Ticlopidine, on the other hand, is not commonly used due to its side effects and potential for serious complications. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they include ticlopidine, which is not typically used for cardiovascular prophylaxis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Normal Adult Hb A is composed of two alpha and two beta globin chains. Step 2: Hemoglobin A is the most common type of hemoglobin in adults. Step 3: The correct answer, A, is alpha and beta, as confirmed in step 1. Step 4: Choice B is incorrect as epsilon is not a component of Adult Hb A. Step 5: Choice C is incorrect as delta is not a component of Adult Hb A. Step 6: Choice D is incorrect as brotherton is not a known component of hemoglobin.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: IL-3. IL-3 is a multilineage cytokine that stimulates the growth and differentiation of multiple blood cell lineages. It acts on various stem cells to promote the production of different types of blood cells. IL-1 is mainly involved in inflammation and immune response, not multilineage effects. IL-2 primarily regulates T cell growth and function. IL-4 promotes B cell growth and IgE production. Therefore, IL-3 is the correct answer as it is specifically known for its multilineage effects on blood cell development.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ferrous. In the heme molecule, iron is present in the ferrous form (Fe2+). This form of iron allows for the binding of oxygen in hemoglobin. Ferro (A) is not a correct term for iron in heme. Ferric (C) refers to the Fe3+ form of iron, which is not found in heme. Apoferritin (D) is a protein that stores iron but is not directly involved in heme synthesis. Therefore, the correct form of iron in the heme molecule is ferrous (B).

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Monoclonal protein in serum or urine. Multiple myeloma is characterized by the presence of abnormal plasma cells in the bone marrow, which produce monoclonal proteins. These proteins can be detected in the blood or urine through electrophoresis. Fever and infection (Choice A) are common symptoms but not specific to multiple myeloma. Elevated platelet count (Choice C) is not a characteristic feature of multiple myeloma. Normal bone marrow (Choice D) is not consistent with the disease, as multiple myeloma involves abnormal plasma cell proliferation in the bone marrow.