Which criterion in priority setting of health problems is uniquely used in community health care?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Magnitude of the health problem. In community health care, prioritizing based on the magnitude of the health problem is crucial as it helps identify issues affecting a large number of individuals. By addressing high-impact problems first, resources can be maximized to benefit the community as a whole. Modifiability (A) is important but not unique to community health. Nature of the problem (B) can vary and may not always indicate priority. Preventive potential (D) is valuable but does not solely determine priority in community health care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct injection site for administering the DPT vaccine to an infant is the vastus lateralis muscle. This site is preferred for infants and young children because it has a larger muscle mass, reducing the risk of hitting a nerve or bone. The vastus lateralis muscle is located on the thigh, making it easily accessible and safe for injecting vaccines. It is recommended by healthcare professionals for infants due to better absorption and reduced discomfort. In contrast, the deltoid muscle is more suitable for adults, the gluteal muscle carries a risk of hitting the sciatic nerve, and the forearm lacks sufficient muscle mass for injection.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Crude birth rate. Natality rate refers to the number of live births per 1,000 people in a population per year. The crude birth rate includes all live births in a population without any adjustments. B: Neonatal mortality rate measures the number of deaths within the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births. C: Infant mortality rate measures the number of deaths within the first year of life per 1,000 live births. D: General fertility rate measures the number of live births per 1,000 women of childbearing age.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because as a healthcare provider attending to a delivery, noting the interval, duration, and intensity of labor and contractions is crucial for assessing the progress of labor and ensuring the safety of both the mother and the baby. This information helps in determining if the delivery is progressing normally or if there are any complications that require immediate attention. Setting up a sterile area (choice A) and putting on a clean gown and apron (choice B) are important steps but should come after assessing the labor progress. Cleansing the client's vulva with soap and water (choice C) is not recommended during labor as it can introduce bacteria and increase the risk of infection.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: To calculate the crude death rate, divide the total number of deaths by the total population and then multiply by 1000. In this case, 94 deaths out of 18,000 population is (94/18000)*1000 = 5.2/1000. This is the correct answer (B). Choice A (4.1/1000) is incorrect as it underestimates the death rate. Choice C (6.3/1000) and D (7.3/1000) are both overestimations of the death rate based on the given data.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Yin represents yielding, negative, and feminine energy in traditional Chinese medicine. 2. It is associated with qualities like darkness, coldness, and rest. 3. Yin balances the opposing force of Yang in the body. 4. In TCM, maintaining a balance between Yin and Yang is crucial for overall health. 5. Therefore, the correct answer is A: Yin. Summary: - Choice B (Yang) is incorrect as it represents the opposite force to Yin. - Choice C (Qi) is incorrect as it refers to the vital energy flow in TCM. - Choice D (Chai) is incorrect as it is not a term used in traditional Chinese medicine.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Folic Acid. Folic Acid deficiency during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects in the developing fetus. Folic acid is crucial for proper neural tube formation in early pregnancy. Niacin (A), Riboflavin (B), and Thiamine (D) deficiencies do not directly impact neural tube development. Niacin is important for energy production, riboflavin for cell growth and function, and thiamine for nerve function, but they do not specifically affect neural tube closure like folic acid does.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The neonatal mortality rate is calculated as the number of neonatal deaths (deaths within the first 28 days of life) divided by the number of live births in a given period, multiplied by 1000. In this case, the number of neonatal deaths is 2 (babies who died less than 4 weeks after birth), and the number of live births is 46 (babies born excluding stillbirths). Therefore, the calculation is (2/46) * 1000 = 43.5/1000. This rate represents the number of neonatal deaths per 1000 live births in Barangay A for that year. Choice B is correct as it accurately represents the neonatal mortality rate based on the information provided. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the calculation using the specific data given.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D (2,300). To estimate the number of 1-4 year old children who should be given Retinol capsules 200,000 every 6 months in the municipality, we can use the rule of thumb that around 10-15% of the population falls within the 1-4 age group. With a population of 20,000, this translates to approximately 2,000-3,000 children. Since 200,000 capsules are provided every 6 months, we can divide this by the number of children to determine the number of capsules per child. Therefore, 200,000 / 2,300 ≈ 87 capsules per child over 6 months, which is a reasonable estimate. Summary of other choices: A: 1,500 - This is too low given the population estimate and age group percentage. B: 1,800 - This is also too low given the population estimate and age group percentage. C