ATI LPN
Pediatric Immunizations NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which communicable disease is not vaccine preventable?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tuberculosis (TB) is not fully vaccine-preventable with a universally effective vaccine. The BCG vaccine offers partial protection against severe TB in children (e.g., miliary TB), but it is not effective against pulmonary TB in adults and is not routinely used in many countries like the US. Hepatitis B, pneumococcal disease, and diphtheria have highly effective vaccines (e.g., HepB, PCV13/PPSV23, DTaP/Tdap), making Choice A the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
An unexpected and undesirable response after an immunization is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An adverse event is a broad term for any unexpected or undesirable health occurrence following immunization, which may or may not be causally related to the vaccine (e.g., fever, anaphylaxis). Choice A (side effect) refers to common, expected reactions (e.g., soreness). Choice C (allergy) and D (hypersensitivity) are specific immune-mediated reactions, subsets of adverse events, but not as encompassing as Choice B, which aligns with public health reporting (e.g., VAERS).
Question 3 of 5
A 10-year-old child has just received his first immunization of influenza vaccine. His lips begin to swell, and he states, 'It feels like my throat is closing shut and my chest is tight when I breathe.' The nurse recognizes these as signs of which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Swelling lips, throat closure sensation, and chest tightness are classic signs of anaphylaxis, a life-threatening allergic reaction (Choice B). This requires immediate epinephrine. Choice A (anxiety) may cause hyperventilation but not swelling. Choice C (local reaction) is limited to the injection site (e.g., redness), and Choice D (common systemic reaction) implies milder, typical responses (e.g., fever), not anaphylaxis.
Question 4 of 5
An 18 year old patient is in the clinic to receive a tetanus vaccine after sustaining a laceration injury. The nurse learns that the patient, who works in a day care center, has not had any vaccines for more than 10 years. Which vaccine will the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For an 18-year-old with a laceration and no vaccines for over 10 years, Tdap is recommended. It updates tetanus (Td) and adds pertussis protection, critical for daycare workers due to pertussis risk to infants. Td (Choice C) lacks pertussis, DT/DTaP (Choices A, B) are for children <7 years.
Question 5 of 5
Bacterial meningitis strikes babies more often than any other age group. Which vaccine will help prevent one previously common type of meningitis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Hib vaccine protects against *Haemophilus influenzae* type b, a major cause of bacterial meningitis in infants before widespread vaccination. Tetanus (Choice A) prevents lockjaw, HIV (Choice C) is a virus with no vaccine, and Varicella (Choice D) prevents chickenpox, none of which cause meningitis. Hib (Choice B) is correct per CDC.