ATI LPN
Immune System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which clinical situation may increase the risk of blood transfusion reaction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Multiple blood transfusions. Receiving multiple blood transfusions increases the risk of developing antibodies against donor blood, leading to transfusion reactions. Iron-deficiency anemia (B) and low RBC count (D) are conditions that may necessitate blood transfusions but do not inherently increase the risk of transfusion reactions. Completing a cross and match blood test (C) is a standard procedure to ensure compatibility and reduce the risk of reactions, thus it does not increase the risk of a transfusion reaction.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is completing an assessment for a client who has a history of unstable angina. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because in unstable angina, chest pain typically lasts longer than 15 minutes due to reduced blood flow to the heart. Choice B is incorrect because pain in unstable angina is not always relieved by rest. Choice C is incorrect as pain can occur at rest in unstable angina. Choice D is incorrect as patients with unstable angina may experience chest pain even at rest.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has pernicious anemia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Initiate weekly injections of vitamin B12. Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of intrinsic factor, leading to poor absorption of vitamin B12. Injecting B12 bypasses the need for intrinsic factor. Increasing dietary iron (B) is not indicated for pernicious anemia. Administering oral B12 (C) is ineffective due to poor absorption. Providing folic acid supplements (D) is not the primary intervention for pernicious anemia.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is an antimalarial DMARD?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hydroxychloroquine. It is an antimalarial DMARD (Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drug) commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. Hydroxychloroquine works by reducing inflammation and suppressing the immune system. Methotrexate (A) is a DMARD but not used for malaria. Leflunomide (C) is also a DMARD for rheumatoid arthritis. Adalimumab (D) is a biologic DMARD used for autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, but not for malaria. In summary, hydroxychloroquine is the correct choice as it is specifically indicated for treating malaria among the options provided.
Question 5 of 5
What is a serious adverse effect of belimumab?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Acute pulmonary edema. Belimumab is a monoclonal antibody used to treat systemic lupus erythematosus, and one of its serious adverse effects is acute pulmonary edema. This can occur due to an allergic reaction to the medication, resulting in fluid accumulation in the lungs. Bone marrow suppression (choice B) is not a common adverse effect of belimumab. Retinal damage (choice C) is not associated with belimumab use. Hepatotoxicity (choice D) is a known adverse effect of some medications but is not a prominent concern with belimumab. Therefore, the correct answer is A, as it aligns with the drug's known adverse effects.