ATI LPN
Perioperative Nursing Care Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which classification should the nurse document, according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for a patient who is not expected to survive without the planned surgical procedure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: 5,' as ASA 5 describes a moribund patient unlikely to survive 24 hours without surgery (e.g., ruptured aneurysm). '2' (A) is mild. '3' (B) is severe. '4' (C) is critical but not necessarily terminal. In nursing, ASA 5 prioritizes emergency measures; D aligns with NCLEX Perioperative, reflecting dire prognosis driving surgical urgency.
Question 2 of 5
Which information should the nurse collect during the health history that is conducted during the preoperative period?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Previous response to anesthesia,' as it identifies risks (e.g., malignant hyperthermia) critical for surgery unlike 'caretaker' (A), 'intake' (B), or 'sexual encounter' (C), which are less urgent. In nursing, anesthesia history informs safety; D aligns with NCLEX Perioperative, targeting procedural risk.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is conducting preoperative teaching with a client about the use of an incentive spirometer. The nurse should include which piece of information in discussions with the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The best results are achieved when sitting up or with the head of the bed elevated 45 to 90 degrees,' as upright positioning maximizes lung expansion unlike 'rapid inhale' (A), 'loose seal' (B), or '15-second hold' (C), all incorrect. In nursing, proper technique prevents atelectasis; D aligns with NCLEX Perioperative, ensuring effective teaching.
Question 4 of 5
Which are the focus areas for the Surgical Care Improvement Project (SCIP)? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Surgical Care Improvement Project (SCIP) aims to reduce surgical complications, focusing on prevention of infection , serious cardiac events , and venous thromboembolism . These are evidence-based priorities to improve patient outcomes post-surgery. Prevention of respiratory complications and acute kidney injury (not listed as choice E but mentioned) are not primary SCIP focuses, though they are relevant to overall care. SCIP guidelines include specific measures like antibiotic prophylaxis (infection), beta-blocker use (cardiac events), and anticoagulant therapy (thromboembolism), reflecting its goal to standardize care and minimize risks. Choice C is a correct answer as it aligns with SCIP's cardiac focus, but A and D are also accurate. The rationale emphasizes SCIP's targeted approach to common, preventable complications, ensuring safer surgical experiences through measurable interventions.
Question 5 of 5
The 79-year-old patient with type 2 diabetes is scheduled for surgery to remove his left great toe. Which risk factors for complications of surgery does the nurse assess for in this patient? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Risk factors include chronic illnesses like diabetes , healing problems , dehydration , and electrolyte imbalances (choice E, not listed). Absence of smoking reduces risk. The rationale focuses on diabetes' impact: it impairs circulation and immunity, increasing infection and delayed healing risks. Age (79) compounds this with reduced recovery capacity. Dehydration affects perfusion, critical for surgery, while chronic illness heightens systemic stress. Nursing assesses these to tailor interventions (e.g., glucose control, hydration), contrasting with smoking cessation's protective effect, ensuring comprehensive risk mitigation.