ATI LPN
NP Practice Questions Pediatric Immunizations Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which bacterium is not spread through person to person contact?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tetanus, caused by *Clostridium tetani*, is not spread person-to-person. It is acquired through environmental exposure (e.g., wound contamination with soil containing spores), not respiratory or direct contact. Meningococcal (*Neisseria meningitidis*), tuberculosis (*Mycobacterium tuberculosis*), and influenza Type B (*Haemophilus influenzae* type b, despite its name) are transmitted person-to-person via droplets or respiratory secretions, making Choice C the exception.
Question 2 of 5
During a routine pediatric visit, a 6-month-old patient will need which of the following vaccines?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Per CDC guidelines, a 6-month-old at a routine visit receives RV (rotavirus, dose 3 if RotaTeq), DTaP (dose 3), Hib (dose 3), PCV (dose 3), and IPV (dose 3). HepA starts at 12 months, MMR and Varicella at 12-15 months, and influenza annually starting at 6 months (but requires 2 doses 4 weeks apart initially, not fully captured here). HepB dose 3 is typically at 6-18 months but often given earlier (e.g., birth, 1-2 months, 6 months). Choice C is the most accurate standard set without overcomplicating the schedule.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is discussing vaccines with the mother of a 4-year-old child who attends a day care center that requires the DTaP vaccine. The mother, who is pregnant, tells the nurse that she does not want her child to receive the pertussis vaccine because she has heard that the disease is 'not that serious' in older children. Which of the following is correct?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pertussis is highly contagious and severe in newborns, who lack immunity. If the 4-year-old contracts it (e.g., at daycare), they could transmit it to the newborn (Choice B). Choice A is false—vaccinating the mother (Tdap recommended at 27-36 weeks) protects her and the baby, not vice versa. Choice C is irrelevant (mother’s pregnancy doesn’t affect child’s vaccination), and Choice D is incorrect (active immunity in the child doesn’t confer passive immunity to the fetus).
Question 4 of 5
During a routine pediatric visit, a 4-month-old patient will need which of the following vaccines?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: At 4 months, the CDC schedule includes RV (dose 2), DTaP (dose 2), Hib (dose 2), PCV (dose 2), and IPV (dose 2) (Choice C). MMR and Varicella start at 12-15 months, HepA at 12 months, and HepB dose 3 is typically at 6-18 months, not 4 months.
Question 5 of 5
In the combined DTP vaccine used in the past, which of the 3 vaccine components reportedly caused severe reactions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The older DTP vaccine (with whole-cell pertussis) was associated with severe reactions (e.g., high fever, seizures) primarily due to the pertussis component, leading to the switch to acellular pertussis (DTaP) in the 1990s. Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (Choices A, C) rarely caused such issues, and severe reactions weren’t from the combination alone (Choice D), but specifically the whole-cell pertussis (Choice B), per historical CDC data.