Which assessment finding in a preschooler would suggest the need for further investigation?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because a 2-lb weight gain in 12 months could indicate a potential health concern such as obesity or an underlying medical condition. This finding warrants further investigation by healthcare professionals to assess the child's overall health and well-being. A, B, and C are incorrect choices as they are typical developmental milestones for preschoolers. Independence in dressing, riding a tricycle, and having an imaginary friend are all considered normal behaviors at this age and do not necessarily indicate a need for further investigation unless there are other concerning factors present.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Report findings to practitioner. A temperature of 38.4°C post-cardiac surgery may indicate infection, which requires prompt attention. Reporting to the practitioner allows for timely assessment and intervention. Choice B is incorrect as hypothermia blankets are used for low temperatures. Choice C is incorrect as it may exacerbate the fever. Choice D is incorrect as action is needed beyond just recording the temperature.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Circulatory stasis can lead to thrombus and embolus formation. Immobilization in children can lead to decreased muscle activity and venous return, increasing the risk of blood clots forming in the veins (thrombus) due to stagnant blood flow. These clots can dislodge and travel to the lungs causing a pulmonary embolism. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because immobilization typically leads to a decrease in metabolic rate, worsens venous return due to lack of movement, and can result in bone demineralization rather than an increase in bone calcium.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because macrophages do indeed derive from monocytes. Monocytes are circulating white blood cells that migrate into tissues and differentiate into macrophages. This process is well-documented in immunology. A: Macrophages are not granulocytes. Granulocytes are a different type of white blood cell characterized by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm. C: Macrophages are highly phagocytic cells, meaning they can engulf and digest foreign particles. Therefore, this statement is incorrect. D: Macrophages primarily reside in the tissues as part of the immune defense system, making this statement incorrect.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, "Antihypertensive." Salicylates are not typically used for lowering blood pressure. Salicylates like aspirin are known for their anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic actions. Salicylates inhibit prostaglandin synthesis which helps reduce inflammation, pain, and fever. Other choices are incorrect as salicylates are commonly used for these purposes.