ATI LPN
Urinary System Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which assessment finding for a patient who has just been admitted with acute pyelonephritis is most important for the nurse to report to the health care provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Low BP (88/45 mm Hg, C) suggests urosepsis or shock in pyelonephritis, a life-threatening emergency requiring immediate report. Foul urine (A), flank pain (B), and mild fever (D) are expected, but hypotension is critical, making C most urgent.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reviewing a patient's urinalysis results: white blood cells (WBC) 100+/hpf; red blood cells (RBC) 4/hpf; bacteria, moderate amount; nitrite, positive; specific gravity, 1.025; urine, cloudy. What would the nurse recognize these findings as indicating?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: High WBCs, bacteria, positive nitrite, and cloudy urine (B) indicate a UTI. Dehydration (A) raises specific gravity alone, contamination (C, D) wouldn't consistently show nitrites, and RBCs are normal (0-4/hpf), making B the clear diagnosis.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is collecting data for a patient with kidney disease. Which of the following would indicate a normal urinalysis finding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amber color (A), SG 1.010 (C), and enzymes (D) are normal, but A is a clear single finding. pH 3.5 (B) is too low (normal 4.6-8), RBC 8/hpf (E) is high, and nitrite (F) is abnormal, making A correct.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with glomerulonephritis develops acute kidney injury. Which form of kidney injury has occurred?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Intrarenal kidney injury occurs when there is damage to the nephrons inside the kidney.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who describes changes in his voiding patterns... What would the nurse expect this patients physical assessment to reveal?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Urgency, frequency, and low urine volumes (B) suggest retention, likely from obstruction. Hematuria (A) may follow, dehydration (C) reduces output without urgency, and renal failure (D) lacks these symptoms, making B the finding.