Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Children aged 1-4 years are most vulnerable to protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) due to their rapid growth and development, increased nutritional requirements, and sometimes inadequate diets. This age group is particularly susceptible to malnutrition if they do not receive adequate protein and energy-rich foods to support their growth and development.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Community participation is a fundamental principle of Primary Health Care (PHC) as it involves the active involvement of individuals, families, communities, and organizations in the planning and delivery of healthcare services. This ensures that services are culturally appropriate, accessible, and acceptable to the community, leading to better health outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The goal of the Safe Motherhood Initiative is to enhance maternal health by reducing maternal mortality and morbidity. This initiative focuses on improving the health outcomes of pregnant women and new mothers, ensuring safer pregnancies and childbirth experiences.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A previous allergic reaction to the vaccine is a contraindication for the administration of live vaccines. This is because individuals who have had a previous allergic reaction to a vaccine are at higher risk of developing a severe allergic reaction with subsequent doses. It is crucial to identify and avoid administering live vaccines to individuals with a history of allergic reactions to prevent potential adverse events.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Ensuring skilled attendance at birth is a crucial component of the Safe Motherhood Initiative aimed at reducing maternal and neonatal mortality rates. By having skilled professionals attend births, complications can be identified early and appropriate care provided promptly, contributing to improved maternal and neonatal health outcomes.