ATI LPN
Questions on the Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which activity would stimulate the human immune system to provide protection against an invasion by a microbe?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: being vaccinated against chicken pox. Vaccination stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies against the specific microbe, providing protection. Antibiotics (choice A) target bacteria, not viruses like chicken pox. While a well-balanced diet (choice B) supports overall health, it doesn't specifically stimulate the immune system against a microbe. Hormones in mother's milk (choice D) provide passive immunity but do not actively stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies. Vaccination is the most direct and effective way to stimulate the immune system for targeted protection.
Question 2 of 5
Concerned about the possibility of contracting lyme disease after being bitten by a tick- early manifestation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B - A progressive, circular rash- often develops at the bite site, but can also develop at other sites such as the thighs and knees. This is the early manifestation of Lyme disease known as erythema migrans. The rash typically appears within 3-30 days after a tick bite and expands gradually. Double vision (Choice A) is associated with disseminated Lyme disease in the late stage. Severe joint swelling (Choice C) is not a common early symptom of Lyme disease. Chronic fatigue (Choice D) may occur in later stages but is not a specific early manifestation of Lyme disease.
Question 3 of 5
Discharge teaching with the partner of a client who has acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)- statements indicates the need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: 1. Cleaning up blood spills with hot water is incorrect as it does not effectively kill HIV. Bleach solution is recommended. 2. Using gloves is essential for preventing exposure to blood and body fluids. 3. Immediate cleaning of spills is crucial to reduce the risk of transmission. 4. Hot water alone is not sufficient for disinfection. Summary: A: Hand washing is important, but using gloves for cleaning blood spills is more critical. C: Sharing utensils is not safe due to the risk of blood exposure. D: Gloves are necessary for routine care to prevent contact with bodily fluids.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has recently been diagnosed with psoriasis, and a nurse is educating them about the disorder. What is an example of a statement by the mother that shows the nurse that she understood the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because psoriasis is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of keratinocytes, leading to the formation of plaques on the skin. This statement shows an understanding of the primary pathophysiology of psoriasis. Choice A is incorrect as psoriasis involves abnormal keratinocyte growth, not collagen. Choice C is incorrect because psoriasis is not directly related to joint inflammation. Choice D is also incorrect as psoriasis is not primarily caused by contact with allergens.
Question 5 of 5
Dilutional thrombocytopenia may be caused by:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Transfusion of large volumes of blood. Dilutional thrombocytopenia occurs when the concentration of platelets decreases due to the infusion of large volumes of fluid, such as during a blood transfusion. This dilution effect leads to a decrease in platelet count without a true decrease in the total number of platelets in the body. Overhydration (choice A) and excessive drinking (choice B) may lead to fluid overload but do not directly cause dilutional thrombocytopenia. Excessive use of diuretics (choice D) can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances but is not a common cause of dilutional thrombocytopenia.