Which action occurs primarily during the evaluation phase of the nursing process?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The evaluation phase of the nursing process involves reassessment and audit (D) to determine if outcomes were met, adjusting care as needed. Data collection (A) is assessment, decision-making (B) and priority-setting (C) occur in planning, making D the primary evaluation action.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The thick ascending loop creates the medullary gradient (A), urine entering the collecting duct is hypotonic post-dilution (B), and without ADH, water isn't reabsorbed, keeping urine dilute (C). All are true—gradient drives concentration, urine starts hypotonic, ADH is key—making E (all are correct), reassigned as D, correct.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Increased sodium reabsorption via apical channels (B) in the collecting duct (principal cells) enhances H⁺ secretion by intercalated cells, balancing charge. Ammonia buffers H⁺ (A is false), titratable acids affect it (C is false), and aldosterone boosts it (D is false), making B correct.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The fallopian tube has simple ciliated columnar epithelium (C), aiding ovum transport. Stratified squamous (A) is in skin, transitional (B) in bladder, and cuboidal (D) in tubules, making C the match.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Capsular filtrate lacks significant albumin (D) due to glomerular filtration barriers (podocytes, basement membrane) retaining proteins. Glucose (A), sodium (B), and H⁺ (C) filter freely, making D the key difference.