Which action is important when collecting a urine specimen for analysis?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Beginning collection before the patient starts urinating ensures a midstream sample, capturing cleaner urine less contaminated by initial urethral bacteria, vital for accurate analysis. An unlabeled sterile container risks mix-ups, compromising results. Timing matters for specific tests (e.g., first morning urine), not 'any time.' Cleansing after collection is backward pre-cleaning prevents contamination. Nurses use this technique, often with a sterile cup, to provide reliable diagnostic data, avoiding false positives from skin flora, a critical detail in assessing kidney or infection status.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Explaining the process and providing privacy during a bed bath promotes comfort by reducing anxiety and preserving dignity, key for a vulnerable patient. Cold water chills, not invigorates, causing discomfort in a controlled setting. Extremely hot water risks burns, especially with impaired sensation. Limiting soap doesn't save resources meaningfully and compromises cleanliness. Nurses use warm water, curtains, and clear communication to make this intimate task soothing and respectful, enhancing physical and emotional well-being.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Using a non-slip mat or surface prevents slipping on a wet floor, enhancing safety for a walker-assisted patient by providing traction underfoot. Walking quickly increases momentum, risking falls. Leaning backward unbalances, pulling against the walker's support. Removing the walker strips stability, heightening danger. Nurses ensure dry, grippy paths or add mats, guiding slowly, to secure ambulation, a practical fix for environmental hazards in mobility care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A walker with wheels provides stability during ambulation by offering rolling support, easing movement for patients with weakness while maintaining balance. Faster walking isn't the aim safety trumps speed. Limiting mobility contradicts its purpose; it aids, not restricts. Replacing a wheelchair doesn't fit it's for walking, not sitting. Nurses adjust height and teach use, ensuring smooth, secure steps, a practical aid for gradual mobility improvement in rehabilitation or chronic conditions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Wearing a clean uniform, ID card, and clean socks demonstrates professionalism by signaling hygiene, role clarity, and respect for clients and workplace standards. Jewelry and perfume risk irritation or injury, long nails harbor germs and hinder tasks, and while competence is vital, it's an action, not a visible trait like attire. Health care aides' appearance reflects reliability clients trust a neat, identifiable caregiver. This choice balances practicality and perception, ensuring safety (e.g., no loose items) and trust, critical in a role where first impressions and infection control matter daily.