ATI LPN
Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
When working with a client who has chronic constipation, what should be included in client teaching to promote normal bowel function?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Consume high-residue, high-fiber foods. High-fiber foods promote regular bowel movements by adding bulk to the stool, making it easier to pass. Fiber also helps in maintaining bowel health and preventing constipation. Glycerin suppositories (A) should not be used regularly as they can lead to dependence. Limiting physical activity (B) is not recommended as exercise can aid in promoting bowel peristalsis. Resisting the urge to defecate (D) can worsen constipation and lead to complications. In summary, promoting high-fiber diet is the most effective way to help manage chronic constipation.
Question 2 of 5
When planning care for a 16-year-old with appendicitis presenting with right lower quadrant pain, what should the nurse prioritize as a nursing diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Risk for infection related to possible rupture of the appendix. This is the priority nursing diagnosis because appendicitis can lead to a life-threatening condition if the appendix ruptures. The nurse needs to monitor for signs of worsening infection such as fever and increased pain. A: Imbalanced nutrition is not the priority as it is secondary to the risk of infection. C: Constipation is not the priority as it is not directly related to the life-threatening complication of appendicitis. D: Chronic pain is also not the priority as the risk of infection and potential rupture take precedence in the care of the patient.
Question 3 of 5
A client with a newly created ileostomy has not had ostomy output for the past 12 hours and reports worsening nausea. What is the nurse's priority action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Report signs and symptoms of obstruction to the health care provider. The priority action in this scenario is to address the possibility of an obstruction, which could be a life-threatening complication. Reporting to the healthcare provider allows for prompt assessment and intervention to prevent further complications. A: Referring to the WOC nurse may be necessary but is not the priority when obstruction is suspected. C: Encouraging mobilization is important for overall health but not the priority in this urgent situation. D: Obtaining a swab for culture is not the priority when obstruction is suspected.
Question 4 of 5
An older adult with a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease has been experiencing fecal incontinence, with no recent change in stool character noted by the nurse. What is the nurse's most appropriate intervention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Toilet the client on a frequent, scheduled basis. This intervention is appropriate for managing fecal incontinence in individuals with Alzheimer's disease. By establishing a routine for toileting, the nurse can help the client maintain continence and reduce the risk of accidents. This approach also promotes dignity and independence for the client. A: Keeping a food diary may be helpful for identifying triggers of fecal incontinence, but it is not the most immediate intervention in this case. B: Providing a bland, low-residue diet may not directly address the issue of fecal incontinence and may not be necessary if there has been no recent change in stool character. D: Securing an order for loperamide may be appropriate in some cases, but it is not the first-line intervention for managing fecal incontinence in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
A client's health history is suggestive of inflammatory bowel disease. Which of the following would suggest Crohn disease, rather than ulcerative colitis, as the cause of the client's signs and symptoms?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: An absence of blood in stool. This suggests Crohn's disease over ulcerative colitis because Crohn's can involve any part of the GI tract and may not always present with blood in stool, in contrast to ulcerative colitis which typically involves the rectum and almost always presents with blood in stool due to continuous inflammation in the colon. Choices A, B, and D are more commonly associated with ulcerative colitis, which typically presents with a pattern of exacerbations and remissions, severe diarrhea, and rectal mucosal involvement.