When the liver is unable to break down red blood cells, which of the following would be produced in decreased amounts?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: fat droplets. When the liver is unable to break down red blood cells, it affects the metabolism of hemoglobin, leading to decreased production of bile salts necessary for emulsifying fats. This results in decreased production of fat droplets. A: Maltose is a disaccharide formed from the breakdown of starch, not directly related to red blood cell breakdown. B: Peptides are formed from protein digestion, not directly affected by the breakdown of red blood cells. D: Nucleotides are building blocks of nucleic acids and not directly related to red blood cell breakdown.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because during protein digestion, specific enzymes such as proteases break down proteins into amino acids. Proteins are large molecules made up of amino acids, and the body needs to break them down into individual amino acids for absorption and utilization. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because hormones do not directly break down proteins, and proteins are not broken down into simple sugars or complex starches during digestion. It is essential to understand the role of enzymes in protein digestion to select the correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer C: 1. Glycogen is a polysaccharide composed of glucose units. 2. It is synthesized and stored in the liver and muscles. 3. Liver glycogen is used to maintain blood glucose levels. 4. Muscle glycogen is used for energy during physical activity. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Red blood cells do not store glycogen; they lack organelles. B: Glycogen is not a protein; it is a carbohydrate. D: Glycogen is not a by-product of sucrose digestion; it is a stored form of glucose.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because absorbed food serves as the raw material for metabolism. Once food is digested and absorbed into the bloodstream, it provides the essential nutrients needed for various metabolic processes in the body, such as energy production, growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues. This is crucial for overall body function and health. Explanation for other choices: A: Absorbed food is not toxic to the body; in fact, it provides essential nutrients. B: Absorbed food stimulating reproduction is not directly related to digestion and absorption. D: Absorbed food does not directly aid in respiration; respiration involves the exchange of gases in the lungs.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: diarrhea. Diarrhea is a disorder of the digestive system that leads to frequent and watery bowel movements, resulting in fluid loss and potential severe dehydration. It is essential to replace lost fluids and electrolytes to prevent dehydration. Choice A, appendicitis, is inflammation of the appendix and does not directly cause severe dehydration. Choice B, gallstones, is the formation of hardened deposits in the gallbladder and does not typically lead to dehydration. Choice C, constipation, is difficulty in passing stool and does not result in severe dehydration as seen in diarrhea.