ATI LPN
Respiratory System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
When the inspiratory muscles are relaxed, the lungs are said to be at?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Inspiratory muscle relaxation sets lungs at FRC (D) (~2.5 L). VC (A) is max exhale (~4.8 L). RV (B) is post-forced (~1.2 L). Minimal volume' (C) isn't standard likely RV. FRC RV + ERV occurs post-expiration, with intrapleural -5 cm H2O, alveolar 0 mmHg (Q17). D's resting state unlike A's effort or B's extreme defines quiet breathing's end, per physiology (Q28).
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following are necessary in the work up and diagnosis of a lung abscess:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bronchoscopy (D) is necessary for lung abscess diagnosis visualizes cavities, obtains cultures (e.g., anaerobes), rules out malignancy. Bronchography (A contrast imaging) is obsolete, replaced by CT. Pulmonary angiography (B) targets vessels, not abscesses. Photoscans (C likely perfusion scans) assess embolism, not infection. Pulmonary function gauges impact, not diagnosis. Bronchoscopy's direct sampling and imaging (CT adjunct) are gold standards, key in chest nursing for guiding therapy and excluding obstruction.
Question 3 of 5
Match the following: 663. Superior vena caval syndrome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Superior vena caval syndrome (SVCS) SVC obstruction shows collateral vessels (A), dilated chest veins (e.g., from lung cancer compression). Tracheal perforation (B) is traumatic, unrelated. Elderly debilitation (C) isn't specific. Collaterals bypass blockage, key in nursing for recognizing malignancy-driven SVCS, prompting radiotherapy.
Question 4 of 5
Match the following: 679. Vincristine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vincristine, a vinca alkaloid, causes peripheral neuropathy, myopathy (C) microtubule inhibition affects nerves, muscles (e.g., foot drop). Myelosuppression (A) is methotrexate. Protein defects (B) fit asparaginase. Cystitis (D) is cytoxan. Psychosis is prednisone. Vincristine's neurotoxicity is key in nursing for dose monitoring and neuropathy assessment.
Question 5 of 5
Sternal tenderness is a symptom of:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sternal tenderness marks acute leukemia (C) marrow infiltration (e.g., blasts >20%) causes bone pain, palpable on percussion. Rheumatoid arthritis (A) spares marrow. Mononucleosis (B) lacks bone involvement. Endocarditis (D) affects heart. Leukemia's marrow crowding is key, guiding nursing for marrow aspiration and chemotherapy prep.